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Abstract: The article deals with Muslim identity in times of globalisation and tries to answer the following questions: in which way does globalisation affect the reshaping of religious identity (Muslim identity, in our case); what is the meaning of identity of resistance (that which religious fundamentalism, cultural nationalism and other defence reactions stem from); what are the consequences of the shift from the traditional to a modern society and in which way do these consequences shape the varied Muslim identities. The ideological consequences of this shift (from the traditional to the modern) and the confrontation with the West can be summarised as: apologetic modernism, which claims that a revival of Islam is only possible through a complete assimilation of modern norms, which in reverse equals westernisation,and Islamic reforms (Salafism), which advocates the return to the 'original' Islam, i.e. the Islam of the early generations. The article presents in detail the ideological orientations of the Muslims.
Keywords: muslimani, muslimanska identiteta, religiozna identiteta, globalizacija, modernizem, salafizem, tradicionalizem
Published in RUP: 10.07.2015; Views: 3468; Downloads: 55
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Abstract: The author discusses the specific relation between religion and state in Turkey. In the first part of the paper some existing polemics concerning the (in)compatibility of Islam and democracy are emphasiyed. The question, whether Islam is compatible with democratic forms of rule has raised a vigorous debate in the Western academic and political circles. This question is currently gaining relevance as Turkey is approaching full membership in the European Union. The author stresses the fact that democratic institutions have not been forced in Turkey, but rather voluntarily adopted by the Turks themselves. Turkey, of all the Muslim countries, has had the longest history of close relations with the West. Apart from this, Turkey has adopted the "Western model" in its political orientation and the Turkish experiment in parliamentary democracy has lasted for over a century - much longer than in any other country of the Islamic world. The paper proceeds with a presentation of variability and the peculiar character of Turkish Islam and its relation to the state. The Muslims in Turkey confess their faith in various ways, some of which are "orthodox" or standard and do not vary in time or among different countries or cultures. Other ways are characteristic of a certain culture. In the case of Turkey the intertwining of orthodox or standard religious practices with folk tradition has given rise to a peculiar form of Islam with some specific traits - the so called "Anatolian Islam". Regardless of the rich mosaic of various expressions of Islam in Turkey including the Shia Islam, Alevism, Sufism etc., it is the Sunni Islam which has been perceived as the "orthodox" form of Islam ever since the Ottoman times. In the paper, special attention is paid to the analysis of Diyanet (Office for Religious Matters), which represents the highest Islamic authority in the country and is a part of the state mechanism and the bureaucratic system. The largest conflicts between secular and religious standpoints in Turkey are presented and it is demonstrated, that the problem of Islam in Turkey is not as much a problem of religion influencing the state, as it is a problem of the state influencing religion.
Keywords: islam, Turčija, sekularizacija, Diyanet, mošeja, verski uradniki
Published in RUP: 10.07.2015; Views: 3113; Downloads: 42
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Keywords: ženske, politika, demokracija, državljanstvo, paritetna demokracija, enakopravnost, etika skrbi, politična participacija, politične stranke, volilni sistem, diplomska dela
Published in RUP: 15.10.2013; Views: 4448; Downloads: 228
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Keywords: orientalski ples, trebušni ples, egipčanski ples, estetika plesa, čutnost, orientalizem, Koran, islam
Published in RUP: 15.10.2013; Views: 4483; Downloads: 44
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Keywords: bančništvo, poslovno komuniciranje, zaposleni, parajezik
Published in RUP: 15.10.2013; Views: 3551; Downloads: 153
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