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Titovi pogovori v moskvi aprila 1968 in češkoslovaška kriza
Jan Pelikán, 2010, original scientific article

Abstract: In April 1968, the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia took certain steps indicating the rapprochement of Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia. Belgrade welcomed Prague's interest in establishing closer contact. However, politicians in Belgrade refused to accept proposals which the Kremlin could perceive as an interference into its sphere of influence. The leadership of the SFRY, for example, did not respond to the offer for a conclusion to the Czechoslovak-Yugoslavian treaty of alliance. At the end of April 1968 J. Broz Tito paid an uplanned visit to Moscow. His talks with Kremlin politicians proceeded for a long time in a friendly atmosphere. Disagreement arose only during the course of a discussion about development in Czechoslovakia. The Soviet leaders unambiguously declared that the then leadership of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia was unable to maintain control of the situation and the power in country was to be taken over by counter-revolutionary forces. Brezhnev even warned against the danger of executing communists in Czechoslovakia and insisted on halting the unfavourable development. Josip Broz Tito overskipped Brezhnev's not very hidden references to the necessity of the power intervention in Czechoslovakia. Nevertheless, he irritably replied to the comment that development in Czechoslovakia could negatively influence not only the inner situation in the neighbouring socialist countries but also in Yugoslavia. Remarkably, during talks in Moscow, Tito never - even indirectly - made a mention of the positive trends of the development in Czechoslovakia. Yet he always suggested that the new Prague leadership was able to manage with those negative tendencies. Josip Broz Tito conspicuously endeavoured to maintain the existing standard of relations with the USSR and to not unnecessarily irritate the Kremlin. He was particularly afraid of the deterioration of the bilateral economic relations which could have had a negative impact on the Yugoslavian economy. Judging by the following steps we can anticipate, that positive moments predominated in Tito feelings regarding negotiations with the Kremlin leaders. He came back home convinced that although the Kremlin still viewed the SFRY as the potential troublesome element on the borderline of their sphere of interest, they were, on the other hand, essentially in need of Yugoslavian help in the solution of problems not only within the frame of the Communist movement but also within the Eastern block
Keywords: Prague Spring, international politics, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Tito, Soviet Union
Published in RUP: 10.07.2015; Views: 2361; Downloads: 17
URL Link to full text

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Cooperation after war
Eric C. Martin, Sue R. Faerman, David P. McCaffrey, 2006, original scientific article

Abstract: This paper discusses how predispositions, incentives, the number and heterogeneity of participants, and leadership (Faerman et al. 2001) jointly influenced the international effort to develop Bosnia and Herzegovina. International coalitions, task forces, and advisory groups are increasingly charged with implementing reforms following civil conflict. This requires a complex web of interorganizational relationships among NGOS, donors and host nations at both global and "ground" levels. To better understand development assistance, attention must be paid to the relationships between these varied players. We find that four factors influenced relationships between policy, donor, and implementing organizations; and those strained relationships, in turn, affected development success. The paper draws on interviews, conducted in Bosnia, with 43 development professionals, observation of development meetings in Tuzla and Sarajevo, and review of related documents from international development programs.
Keywords: international development, interorganizational relationship, cooperation, Bosnia
Published in RUP: 15.10.2013; Views: 2415; Downloads: 74
URL Link to full text

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The dynamics of trade in central and Eastern European countries
Imre Fertő, 2007, original scientific article

Keywords: international trade, revealed comparative advantage, Central Europe
Published in RUP: 15.10.2013; Views: 3240; Downloads: 68
URL Link to full text

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