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21.
"Češkoslovaško-italijanska mala vojna" : mednarodne razsežnosti prvega tržaškega procesa in reakcije na Češkoslovaškem
Borut Klabjan, 2006, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: The article presents the less known side of the First Trial of Trieste, undoubtedly one of the milestones in the history of Slovenes and Croatians in the Venezia Giulia region of that time. The execution of four Slovenes who had resorted to violence in resisting Fascist politics and were consequently sentenced to death by shooting, reverberated in the international public as well. Mussolini wanted to have done with the defendants completely; but not only that, the sensationalism of the trial had another, wider significance forthe Italian duce - his aim was to use the trial process to demonstrate the solidity of his regime. Such behaviour already hinted at more aggressive and unconcealed imperialistic politics of Italy in the Danube-Balkans area that would start taking its final shape in the 1930s. The illegal activities of the defendants have been treated by many historians already, and the trial itself has been the subject of various thorough studies so far; therefore, the present study chooses to lend special attention to the international extent of the trial, it being one of the events that had the strongest repercussions within the Yugoslav-Italian disputes in the period between the two world wars. In those weeks of 1930, the trial was covered by numerous newspapers. Since the process and especially the verdict made the greatest stir in Czechoslovakia, the study takes a more thorough look at the events taking place in and the opinions coming from this country. A large majority of the press manifestly condemned the Italian regime, taking the side of the 'Yugoslav minority', and the public, under the influence of the press, assumed a similar standpoint. Demonstrations and protests took place. Official politics, on the other hand, were more composed: Czechoslovak diplomacy, led by Beneš, apologized to the Italian government and within a few weeks silenced the anti-Italian campaign. In addition to numerous newspaper articles mentioned in the study, the information on the evaluation of the official politics is undoubtedly of the greatest interest. In his own report, the Czechoslovak Consul to Trieste, Krbec, related the reports by all the other diplomats present at the Trial as well. The death verdict gave rise to protests and demonstrations throughout Czechoslovakia, and the Slovenes also received support from the United States of America, especially in the form of memoranda. The newspaper campaign ended after a few weeks, but the grudges between the two states remained. This is partly evident from Mussolini's bearing in the following years, and when in 1938, along with western democracies, he consented to the takeover of the Czechoslovak border areas by Hitler's Germany.
Ključne besede: zgodovina, prvi tržaški proces, Češkoslovaška, Italija, fašizem, Trst, Primorska, mednarodna politika, javno mnenje
Objavljeno v RUP: 10.07.2015; Ogledov: 2997; Prenosov: 33
URL Povezava na celotno besedilo

22.
O enačenju kulturnega in političnega prostora : primer slovenskih Tržačanov
Jasmina Kozina, 2006, izvirni znanstveni članek

Ključne besede: manjšina, identiteta, kultura, etničnost, Slovenci, Trst
Objavljeno v RUP: 10.07.2015; Ogledov: 1901; Prenosov: 24
URL Povezava na celotno besedilo

23.
Politika priseljevanja v Trstu v 18. stoletju
Aleksej Kalc, 2007, izvirni znanstveni članek

Ključne besede: Trst, 18. st., politika naseljevanja, priseljevanje, populacija
Objavljeno v RUP: 10.07.2015; Ogledov: 2450; Prenosov: 36
URL Povezava na celotno besedilo

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Tržaški teritorij v luči konskripcije iz let 1777/1778 : prvi izsledki
Aleksej Kalc, 2009, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: The aim of this article is to provide an insight into the socio-demographic structure of the Trieste Territory, i.e. the rural part of the Trieste municipal area, at the end of the 1770s, when this area was affected by major changes brought about by the rapid development of the Trieste maritime emporium. The presentation is based on a statistical analysis of population registers formed during military conscription at the end of 1777 and at the beginning of 1778. The Territory consisted of two parts: the area of residential neighbourhoods extending across flysch and alluvial soil around the city between the sea and the Karst Edge, and the area of villages occupying mostly karstic terrain. The villages were concentrated rural settlements with allocated land managed by landowners, whereas the settlement tissue in the neighbourhoods was comprised of groups of houses and scattered farms owned mostly by city dwellers (the old patriciate and new economy upstarts) with land ownership increasingly transferred also to tenant-farmers. Although the land below the Karst Edge was fertile, due to its steepness farming was difficult and expensive, which is why the main product -wine - was protected against foreign competition. In general, the karstic soil was poor and with the exception of modest arable crops used mainly for stockbreeding. In the conscription census, the population of the Territory was 5.366 and it was condensed in the north-eastern part, where the largest of the 12 villages were located and in some of the 12 neighbourhoods, where, due to better farming conditions and available land, colonization was spreading. Following the trend of the time, the age pyramid of the men-dominated population was broad-based, fuelled by high natality rates. In time, the pyramid was rapidly narrowed due to a high mortality rate among children. The relatively young age of newlyweds accompanied by a favourable attitude towards marriage contributed to high natality rates; the percentage of celibacy was minimal. This was connected with favourable opportunities of land access and availability of non-agrarian economic sources in the city or in connection with the city economy. The social structure of the peasant population and the spatial distribution of rural social subcategories were in close connection with the colonization history and ownership structure of the Territory. Most farmers (63.1%) were landowners, enjoying permanent and hereditary landownership. Over one fifth (21.6%) were tenant-farmers having the owners' (city dwellers) lands at their disposal for indefinite time against payment of annual rent, including the right of heirship as well as the right to sell the enjoyment of property or buy the land. 15.3% of the farmers were sharecroppers, i.e. colonists who shared the production expenses and crops with the owner, and the rest were peasants living on the farm and cultivating it as servants under the owner's management. Landowners were concentrated in villages, while farmer-tenants, colonists and independently residing servants lived in the neighbourhoods. The numbers of tenants was increasing and in the following decades they would gain ownership of the land they had been cultivating. Male and female farm servants (including the independently residing ones) accounted for 5.5% of the population. The serfs and maids living under the same roof with the farmers were ubiquitous, but present predominantly in the neighbourhoods where it often happened that the lease-holding families did not have enough native-born labour force to cultivate the farm land. Most of the servants were immigrants and serving was generally a phase of the life cycle, followed by marriage and economic independence. Census data show only few non-agrarian occupations in the Territory (8,6% of the population). These were clergy, innkeepers, guards, tailors and blacksmiths and a few other occupational profiles. This situation failed to reflect the actual non-agrarian economic activity in the Territory itself or in the nearby city. On the basis of other documents it is evident that many men were also engaged in masonry, transportation and occasional hardmanual labour on public building sites. Another widespread activity in the coastal towns was fishing and in the following century it would become the main economic resource for many families. In the village Skedenj, which was closest to the city, baking and selling bread expanded as a typically female craft; there were many cases of individuals or groups of farmers entrepreneurially engaged in works such as street cleaning and rubbish removal or maintaining roads and public infrastructure. In time these activities, together with the possibilities of selling crops, would also contribute to improving the living structure in the Territory, where apart from better farm houses also an increasing number of city magnates began emerging. The moderate immigration stemmed mostly from the immediate neighbourhood surrounding the Trieste municipal territory, although there were also many immigrants from remoter places. In addition to guards (predominantly foreigners) and a few craftsmen, immigrants were mostly servants of both genders. The phenomenon of immigration was therefore of predominantly individual character and would in most cases progress into permanent settlement of newcomers through marriage and formation of new family households. This was enabled by the availability of farm land and a growing inclination of the city-dwelling owners towards leasing their land. Due to workforce shortage, during summer farm-work seasons many seasonal workers from the nearby karst areas would come to the Territory. Emigration from the Territory into the city was modest since the inhabitants of the Territory were able to take advantage of the economic possibilities of the city without having to leave their homes.
Ključne besede: Trst, kmečko prebivalstvo, družbena struktura, 18.st., konskripcija
Objavljeno v RUP: 10.07.2015; Ogledov: 2831; Prenosov: 34
URL Povezava na celotno besedilo

29.
Jože Pirjevec: 'Trst je naš!'. Boj Slovencev za morje (1848-1954). Ljubljana, Nova revija, Zbirka Korenine, 2007, 542 str.
Andrej Rahten, 2010, recenzija, prikaz knjige, kritika

Opis: Jože Pirjevec: "Trst je naš!". Boj Slovencev za morje (1848-1954). Ljubljana, Nova revija, Zbirka Korenine, 2007, 542 str.
Ključne besede: zgodovinopisje, tržaško vprašanje, Trst, knjižne ocene
Objavljeno v RUP: 10.07.2015; Ogledov: 3737; Prenosov: 53
URL Povezava na celotno besedilo

30.
'Na najlepše morje na svetu, na Jadran' : procesi turističnega razvoja severnega Jadrana pred prvo svetovno vojno in po njej
Petra Kavrečič, Borut Klabjan, 2010, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: The Northern Adriatic became an attractive tourist destination in particular in the second half of the 19th century when the area witnessed the emergence of first modern forms of tourism, with the most prominent being seaside spa tourism and bathing tourism. Their development was largely spurred by medical discourses on new beneficial practices such as bathing in sea water, mud or brine and enjoying the beneficial effects of seaside air. Such health improving methods not only helped people to overcome many illnesses of that time, but also facilitated the promotion of seaside resorts. The article focuses on the tourism development in the Northern Adriatic in relation to Bohemia and later on Czechoslovakia, and studies the popularity of and familiarity with the Northern Adriatic area as a tourist destination. The research takes into consideration the period spanning from the initial phases of modern tourism development, when the afore-mentioned areas formed part of the same political entity (Austria-Hungary), to the mid-1930s. The end of WWI brought about the disintegration of the common Habsburg monarchy, with Bohemia uniting with Slovakia in Czechoslovakia, and the major part of the eastern Northern Adriatic being ceded to the Kingdom of Italy. The new, post-war situation however did not break the tourist ties between the two areas. In the Dual Monarchy, the Bohemian lands were considered as one of the most economically prosperous areas, which enabled their population to invest in tourism infrastructure on the one hand and to enjoy the tourist offer on the other. The Northern Adriatic was an interesting region for Bohemian and later on Czechoslovak investors and tourists both before and after WWI. Until the war, Bohemians were among not only the most numerous visitors to seaside resorts mentioned in the article, but also the most important investors in accommodation facilities. The end of the war gave rise to a new political situation in Europe. Despite the new political map, the interest of Czechs to visit the Northern Adriatic resorts did not die out. Czech guests mostly ignored the suggestions to boycott the seaside resorts since then located in Italy and remained one of their most frequent visitors
Ključne besede: turizem, Istra, Gradež, Kvarner, Trst, Češka
Objavljeno v RUP: 10.07.2015; Ogledov: 2375; Prenosov: 12
URL Povezava na celotno besedilo

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