20.500.12556/RUP-21969 A lonelier world after COVID-19 longitudinal population-based study of well-being, emotional and social loneliness, and suicidal behaviour in Slovenia Background and Objectives: The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) goes beyond the consequences of the infectious disease, especially as the measures taken to prevent the spread of the virus have had a very profound impact on people’s social relationships and everyday lives. Several studies have investigated these effects, but there is a lack of longitudinal studies in Central Europe. Objective: The aim of our study was to observe changes in well-being, loneliness, and suicidal behaviour before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic using the same population-based cohort. Materials and Methods: A representative sample of 444 participants completed online questionnaires at four time points: 2019 (wave 0), 2021 (wave 1), 2022 (wave 2), and 2023 (wave 3). Results: The results show significant changes in the levels of well-being and emotional loneliness over these periods. In particular, emotional loneliness increased during the pandemic, followed by a later decrease. Well-being appeared to increase after pandemic-related restrictions diminished but decreased again one year later. No significant changes concerning social loneliness and suicidal ideation were observed. Conclusions: Our study suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic changed the way in which people perceive their well-being and especially their relationships with others. From the data, we can conclude that people’s worldview is now lonelier than before the pandemic. COVID-19 loneliness mental health well-being suicide COVID-19 osamljenost duševno zdravje samomor true false false Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Članek v reviji 2025-10-20 15:24:54 2025-10-20 15:24:56 2025-11-11 03:03:20 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2024 0 0 str. 1-11 iss. 2, [article no.] 312 Vol. 60 Feb. 2024 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 2024-02-12 159.9:364.624.4 1648-9144 10.3390/medicina60020312 253933571 RAZ_Postuvan_Vita_2024.pdf RAZ_Postuvan_Vita_2024.pdf 1 43910BA6669589D1095E8C7703FF589E 697042822ddba18699e1a44da050f50a1dd40deecd37f07f38610849e2f7f755 792a9345-adb8-11f0-8f0b-005056ac49c0 https://repozitorij.upr.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=31901 https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/60/2/312 1 58f7418d-adb8-11f0-8f0b-005056ac49c0 https://repozitorij.upr.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=31900 Inštitut Andrej Marušič 0 0 0