20.500.12556/RUP-22516 Factors affecting students’ performance on national assessments of mathematics in Italy a random forest approach This paper investigates the impact of teacher-assigned grades in Mathematics and Italian, students’ gender, and geographical macroregion on students’ performance in the Italian INVALSI mathematics assessment, using Random Forest analysis across grades 2, 5, 8, 10, and 13. Findings revealed that the two most influential factors are mathematics and Italian teacher-assigned grades, followed by gender. Boys consistently achieve higher INVALSI scores, while girls receive higher teacher-assigned grades. Performance disparities are observed among the five Italian geographic macroregions, with students from northern and central Italy performing better. Linguistic abilities and gender show varying significance across grades. The role of geographic macroregion is more pronounced in high school. Results were confirmed using Boosting Regression, validating the findings. This study highlights the significance of teacher-assigned grades, linguistic skills, gender, and geographic disparities in predicting students’ performance on the INVALSI mathematics test, showcasing the value of machine learning modelsin addressing educational equity. INVALSI mathematics national assessment random forest grades INVALSI matematika nacionalni preizkusi random forest ocene true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Neznano 2026-01-22 08:08:54 2026-01-22 08:09:00 2026-01-23 03:05:07 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2024 0 0 str. 325-352 iss. 5/6 Vol. 31 2024 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 2025-01-28 37.091.26 1465-329X 10.1080/0969594X.2025.2457687 224492291 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/0969594X.2025.2457687 1 3bcad428-f761-11f0-b092-005056ac49c0 https://repozitorij.upr.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=32750 RAZ_Doz_Daniel_2024.pdf RAZ_Doz_Daniel_2024.pdf 1 D6D65BBF44E4E0B59AF367E4F4FB85D1 6d58ed4bc970b33f73ba720af12def2b942b1a4b7ab522ce5c6653f20f30ec78 542c66b6-f761-11f0-b092-005056ac49c0 https://repozitorij.upr.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=32751 Pedagoška fakulteta 0 0 0