1. Flexural behavior of adhesively bonded cross-laminated timber-concrete composite (TCC) panel with glass-fiber textile mesh as reinforcement in concrete : experimental studying and numerical simulationHaoze Chen, Wenzhuo Ma, Bohumil Kasal, Wei Yang, Libo Yan, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Timber-concrete composite (TCC) structures offer higher stiffness and loading capacity compared to pure timber structures with similar dimensions. A more rigid adhesive interface between concrete and timber offers advantages over conventional connections (e.g., mechanical fasteners and notches) by ensuring strain compatibility between the two materials. Fiber-based textiles, such as alkali-resistant (AR) glass fiber fabric, provide electrochemical corrosion resistance when used as reinforcement in concrete. An innovative composite floor system was introduced in this study, comprising cross-laminated timber (CLT) and reinforced concrete embedded with lightweight AR glass textile reinforcement, rigidly bonded together through epoxy adhesive bonding. A comprehensive investigation on the flexural behavior of this composite structure panel was conducted. Instrumentation, like digital image correlation (DIC) and optical fiber sensors, was employed to record strain distribution and development during four-point bending tests on those panels. A nonlinear numerical model was developed to predict the flexural behavior of the panels using continuum damage evolution for timber, concrete damage plasticity (CDP) model, and cohesive contact behavior between timber layers, considering the non-glue edge in the transverse layer. Experimental results showed that the failure predominantly occurred in the transverse layer of the CLT in the TCC panels. Employing glass fabric reinforcement within the CLT-constituted TCC led to an increase in loading bearing capacity. Numerical simulation indicated that textile reinforcement embedded within TCC's concrete counteracted localized concrete tensile failure, preserving structural integrity, delaying cohesive failure between planks in CLT, and consequently amplifying ultimate loading capacity of TCC structure.
Keywords: CLT, TCC, adhesive bonding
Published in RUP: 23.12.2025; Views: 494; Downloads: 2
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2. Long-term durability of flax-glass hybrid FRP-timber composite structures subjected to hygrothermal environment : experimental and simulationSilu Huang, Libo Yan, Bohumil Kasal, Wei Yang, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: This paper focuses on the experimental and numerical analysis of long-term performance of flax-glass hybrid FRP (HFRP)-laminated veneer lumber (LVL) joints and beams subjected to hygrothermal environment (50℃ and 95 %RH) for six months. The joints and beams with different fibre fabric stacking sequences of HFRP exposed at different exposure intervals (0, 1, 2, 3 and 6 months) were tested under block shear and four-point bending, respectively. The tensile properties of epoxy and HFRP composites under those exposure intervals were also examined to explore degradation mechanisms of HFRP in LVL-HFRP beams. Tensile strength and strain of HFRP showed a major reduction (26.7 – 32.1 %) in the first month of exposure. Hydrolysis and oxidation of epoxy were found to have insignificant effects on HFRP tensile properties, based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results. A significant decrease (34.7 – 35.7 %) of LVL-HFRP joints in their shear strength was attributed to weakened hydrogen bonds between cellulose and lignin-hemicellulose matrix, along with the degradation and softening of hemicellulose. LVL-GF beams in which the glass fibre layer of HFRP was adhered to LVL exhibited a major reduction in bending strength (23.4 %) after the first month of exposure. In LVL-FG beams where the flax fibre layer was adhered to LVL, a major decrease in bending strength (25.8 %) was observed after two-month exposure. The postponed reduction in LVL-FG beams compared with LVL-GF beams was caused by the slower moisture diffusion in HFRP of LVL-FG beams than that in LVL-GF beams. A diffusion–stress coupled finite element (FE) model was developed, incorporating moisture diffusion and moisture-dependent mechanical properties for both the timber and HFRP components. Based on this model, the flexural response of LVL–HFRP beams after hygrothermal exposure was simulated, showing satisfactory agreement with experimental results. This research developed a step towards the long-term performance evaluation of HFRP-timber composite structures with different fabric stacking sequences of HFRP.
Keywords: long-term durability, hybrid FRP, timber-hybrid FRP composite structure
Published in RUP: 23.12.2025; Views: 504; Downloads: 3
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