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Bridging the individual and the system : preschool teachers’ agency in implementation for sustainable development in early childhood settings in south-eastern Europe
Aleksandra Šindić, Adrijana Višnjić-Jevtić, Jurka Lepičnik-Vodopivec, 2025, original scientific article

Abstract: Although the importance of Education for Sustainable Development in Early Childhood (ECEfS) is widely acknowledged, its implementation varies across different national, institutional, and individual contexts. This quantitative study involved 398 ECE teachers from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and Slovenia. The aim of the research was to identify differences in the implementation of specific dimensions of ECEfS and in the achieved sustainability outcomes among children, with respect to three levels of ECE teachers’ professional context: national, institutional, and individual. Data were collected via an online survey and analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and t-tests. While the study was limited by reliance on self-assessment and purposive sampling, it provided valuable insights into how professional context shapes early sustainability practices and outcomes and raised questions for future research. Findings indicate the existence of differences among respondents from different countries in the level of implementation of certain aspects of early childhood education for sustainable development, as well as in children’s sustainability outcomes. Similar differences were identified between ECE teachers working in eco and non-eco kindergartens, and between those familiar and unfamiliar with the activities of the ECE Academy. The results highlight the importance of institutional context and professional development in supporting sustainability practices in early childhood education settings.
Keywords: early childhood education for sustainable development, eco-program, ECE Academy, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Slovenia
Published in RUP: 22.12.2025; Views: 228; Downloads: 3
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Drivers of Tipping Behaviour in Restaurants: The Case of Croatia
Ina Rimac, Ljudevit Pranić, Ena Jurić, 2025, original scientific article

Abstract: Tipping in the hospitality industry is a widespread but under-researched phenomenon, particularly in regions where cultural, economic, and social dynamics diverge from established norms. This study explores the critical role of consumer-perceived value in shaping tipping behaviour in the restaurant industry, specifically focusing on Croatia – a context where unique cultural, economic, and social dynamics influence tipping practices. Analysing data from 438 Croatian residents, the study reveals how service dimensions – such as food quality, ambiance, service convenience, and server quality – intersect with demographic characteristics and payment methods to influence tipping practices and WoM recommendations. The research situates Croatia’s tipping practices within the broader framework of tourism innovation, emphasizing the interplay of legislative reforms (such as the introduction of card-based tipping), operational advancements (such as the integration of digital payment systems), and evolving cultural norms. These innovations enhance the dining experience for both locals and international tourists, aligning local hospitality practices with global standards. The findings underscore how transitional economies can leverage these combined innovations to strengthen their competitiveness in the global tourism market while fostering positive tourist perceptions.
Keywords: tipping, restaurants, perceived value, tourism innovation, Croatia
Published in RUP: 16.12.2025; Views: 157; Downloads: 1
.pdf Full text (220,68 KB)

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Supplementary material for paper The missing link between wages and labour productivity in tourism : evidence from Croatia and Slovenia
Sergej Gričar, Violeta Sugar, Štefan Bojnec, 2020, complete scientific database of research data

Abstract: The present article aims to analyse wage-labour productivity cau-salities in Croatia and Slovenia using cointegration methods basedon monthly time series data of variables for labour productivityand real gross wages in tourism industry during the periodDecember 1999%January 2020. The data vector is integrated bychain indices with the constant base January 2000%100. A sto-chastic trend and shocks are covered in the analysis. Shocks arelinked to the European Union accession, and economic crisis fol-lowing with overwhelmed tourist arrivals. The contribution of theresearch is two-fold. First, the equations for at most normal dis-tributed variables of labour productivity and real wages in tourismare exposed. Three spatial cointegration relations confirm labourproductivity integrity of the regional tourism market. Second,pair-wise causalities indicate one cointegrated vector for labourproductivity, which drives real gross wages in tourism sub-indus-tries. These results suggest that for a higher non-seasonal assess-ment of real gross wage, the labour productivity should rise, i.e.less workers, more robotization or more tourist arrivals with betterquality solutions. These findings are at most important to beimplemented after the COVID-19 infection crisis with expectedrestructurings and digital transformation in the tourism industry.
Keywords: Croatia, error correction model (ECM), real grosswage, labour productivity, Slovenia, vector error correction model (VECM)
Published in RUP: 14.12.2020; Views: 3098; Downloads: 251
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10.
The missing link between wages and labour productivity in tourism : evidence from Croatia and Slovenia
Sergej Gričar, Violeta Sugar, Štefan Bojnec, 2020, original scientific article

Abstract: The present article aims to analyse wage-labour productivity cau-salities in Croatia and Slovenia using cointegration methods basedon monthly time series data of variables for labour productivityand real gross wages in tourism industry during the periodDecember 1999%January 2020. The data vector is integrated bychain indices with the constant base January 2000%100. A sto-chastic trend and shocks are covered in the analysis. Shocks arelinked to the European Union accession, and economic crisis fol-lowing with overwhelmed tourist arrivals. The contribution of theresearch is two-fold. First, the equations for at most normal dis-tributed variables of labour productivity and real wages in tourismare exposed. Three spatial cointegration relations confirm labourproductivity integrity of the regional tourism market. Second,pair-wise causalities indicate one cointegrated vector for labourproductivity, which drives real gross wages in tourism sub-indus-tries. These results suggest that for a higher non-seasonal assess-ment of real gross wage, the labour productivity should rise, i.e.less workers, more robotization or more tourist arrivals with betterquality solutions. These findings are at most important to beimplemented after the COVID-19 infection crisis with expectedrestructurings and digital transformation in the tourism industry.
Keywords: Croatia, error correction model (ECM), real grosswage, labour productivity, Slovenia, vector error correction model (VECM)
Published in RUP: 10.12.2020; Views: 3291; Downloads: 47
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