1. Ethical aspects of using AI among occupational psychologists : a pilot studyŠpela Bizjan, Ana Arzenšek, 2025, published scientific conference contribution Abstract: Psychologists, specializing in work and organizational psychology (occupational psychologists), play a crucial role in the implementation and development of Human resource management (HRM) processes, which are increasingly affected by artificial intelligence (AI). This research aims to examine how and why AI is utilized among occupational psychologists, as well as the ethical dilemmas associated with this use in relation to the Code of Professional Ethics for Psychologists (the Code). The empirical part of this pilot study is based on a qualitative research design. 6 semi-structured interviews based on 11 questions regarding the use of AI in occupational psychologists’ work were conducted. Participants were selected through purposive sampling. The study results reveal that AI plays a vital role in automating routine administrative tasks. Participants highlighted its contribution to time efficiency and its utility in language translation. Nonetheless, concerns arise regarding increases in the occupational psychologists’ workload, as human oversight is required to ensure the accuracy and reliability of AI. While AI promises objectivity, participants cautioned that algorithms can be biased, potentially leading to discriminatory practices. They also expressed concerns about accountability. This question is pivotal, as the Code mandates the maintenance of professional boundaries and the respect for individuals' rights. Participants also pointed to risks associated with data protection. Despite this awareness, participants admitted they do not rely on the Code in their work with AI, which increases the risk of unethical decision-making. It is recommended that organizations provide adequate training for AI users, regulate data input, and ensure its use in accordance with ethical guidelines. The Slovenian Psychologists’ Association has a pivotal role in the preparation of specific guidelines and advising occupational psychologists on the ethical use of AI.
Keywords: artificial intelligence, AI integration in HRM, Code of professional ethics for psychologists, ethics in human resource processes, occupational psychologists, Slovenia
Published in RUP: 04.03.2026; Views: 151; Downloads: 3
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2. Ethical Aspects of Using AI among Occupational Psychologists : A Pilot StudyŠpela Bizjan, 2025, published scientific conference contribution Abstract: Psychologists, specializing in work and organizational psychology (occupational psychologists), play a crucial role in the implementation and development of Human resource management (HRM) processes, which are increasingly affected by artificial intelligence (AI). This research aims to examine how and why AI is utilized among occupational psychologists, as well as the ethical dilemmas associated with this use in relation to the Code of Professional Ethics for Psychologists (the Code). The empirical part of this pilot study is based on a qualitative research design. 6 semi-structured interviews based on 11 questions regarding the use of AI in occupational psychologists’ work were conducted. Participants were selected through purposive sampling. The study results reveal that AI plays a vital role in automating routine administrative tasks. Participants highlighted its contribution to time efficiency and its utility in language translation. Nonetheless, concerns arise regarding increases in the occupational psychologists’ workload, as human oversight is required to ensure the accuracy and reliability of AI. While AI promises objectivity, participants cautioned that algorithms can be biased, potentially leading to discriminatory practices. They also expressed concerns about accountability. This question is pivotal, as the Code mandates the maintenance of professional boundaries and the respect for individuals' rights. Participants also pointed to risks associated with data protection. Despite this awareness, participants admitted they do not rely on the Code in their work with AI, which increases the risk of unethical decision-making. It is recommended that organizations provide adequate training for AI users, regulate data input, and ensure its use in accordance with ethical guidelines. The Slovenian Psychologists’ Association has a pivotal role in the preparation of specific guidelines and advising occupational psychologists on the ethical use of AI.
Keywords: Artificial intelligence, AI Integration in HRM, Code of Professional Ethics for Psychologists, Ethics in Human Resource Processes, Occupational Psychologists, Slovenia
Published in RUP: 04.03.2026; Views: 150; Downloads: 5
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3. Integration of Lean and Six Sigma Methodology for Process ImprovementDušan Gošnik, 2025, published scientific conference contribution Abstract: Lean (L) and Six Sigma (SS) are among the most popular process improvement methodologies in organisations. This research reveals, how can L and SS methodologies be integrated. Integration of L and SS can improve outcome of process improvement initiatives, improve process efficiency and improve also thus related organisational performance. L enables SS speed such as faster cycles of experimentation and learning and on the other hand SS enables L quality such as less defects and less time for rework. Despite well-known benefits of LSS, many organisations are still not using LSS. Based on literature review we analyse and present the latest findings and research results about LSS use in organisations including various perspectives such as; how to integrate L and SS, impact on process improvement and organisation performance, in which stages of SS projects can L be integrated the most efficiently, what to consider at LSS use to achieve better process efficiency in organisations. Suggestions for more efficient LSS use in organisations include; interaction of L and SS at process improvement actions already in the project planning phase, the use of LLS based on an available resources and top management support. Experiences about LSS use from organisations Slovenia are presented. Research results dependent on the secondary literature review and limited data about LSS use and experiences from Slovenia. The results of this study have a great value to researchers, LSS practitioners, managers in organisations during planning and scheduling LSS projects.
Keywords: management, Six Sigma (SS), Lean (L), LSS, method, process, integration, study
Published in RUP: 04.03.2026; Views: 126; Downloads: 3
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4. Baseline resting-state network integration modulates task performance and aftereffectRok Požar, Tim Martin, Mary Katherine Kerlin, Aidan McColligan, Bruno Giordani, Voyko Kavcic, 2026, original scientific article Abstract: Understanding how intrinsic brain networks adapt to cognitive demands is central to neuroscience. The aim of this study was to examine how eyes-open and eyes-closed resting-state network integration, derived from electroencephalography before and after a visual oddball task, relates to task performance in young adults. Task engagement reduced global integration in theta, lower alpha, and beta bands, independent of eye condition, indicating a transient shift toward a less demanding post-task configuration. Eyes-open resting states consistently exhibited higher integration than eyes-closed in the upper alpha band, both before and after the task, reflecting enhanced inter-regional communication and sensory readiness. Importantly, higher pre-task beta-band integration during eyes-open resting state predicted faster reaction times and larger post-task decreases in integration, highlighting baseline network organization as a determinant of cognitive efficiency and neural flexibility. These findings support the concept of neural reserve, where intrinsic network efficiency and adaptability underpin both performance readiness and dynamic reorganization. Overall, the results demonstrate that resting-state network integration— modulated by both eye condition and task engagement—captures fundamental aspects of the brain’s capacity for efficient and flexible cognitive function.
Keywords: electroencephalography, brain network integration, cognitive task, neuropsychology
Published in RUP: 29.01.2026; Views: 284; Downloads: 2
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5. A study of motivational strategies in arts activities for preschool children in special education unitsBarbara Kopačin, Ana Kovačič, Eda Birsa, 2026, original scientific article Abstract: Among preschool children with special educational needs, art can open additional pathways to expression, safe exploration and experimentation, and it can foster motivation for creation. The purpose of the study was to determine which strategies educators in developmental departments use to encourage the active participation of preschool children in artistic activities (RQ1), and how motivation is expressed among these children during artistic creation (RQ2). A qualitative methodology was employed, using semi-structured interviews and observations of preschool children during interdisciplinary artistic activities. The results showed that educators use diverse and tailored strategies, such as linking art with play, taking children’s interests into account, and creating a supportive and safe environment. Musical activities proved particularly effective, as they stimulated intrinsic motivation and acted as a bridge to visual/artistic expression. Children’s motivation manifested itself in active engagement, curiosity and persistence, especially in activities that allowed for choice and sensory-adapted approaches. The findings emphasise the importance of individualisation, a process-oriented approach and interdisciplinarity for fostering intrinsic motivation in children with special needs.The study originally examines the integration of musical and visual activities as a strategy for promoting the motivation of preschool children with special needs in developmental departments. In doing so, it opens up a new research and pedagogical area and offers practical guidelines for encouraging motivation through the effective incorporation of interdisciplinary approaches into special-educational practice.
Keywords: artistic activities, visual arts, music education, interdisciplinary integration, motivation, developmental department, preschool children
Published in RUP: 09.01.2026; Views: 303; Downloads: 14
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6. Revolutionizing Hotel Operations with AI : A Case Study on the Power of ChatGPT and Gemini IntegrationPongsakorn Limna, Tanpat Kraiwanit, Tanatorn Tanantong, Todsanai Chumwatana, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: This study investigates the implementation and impact of ChatGPT and Gemini in a four-star hotel in Ao Nang, Krabi, Thailand, during January–February 2024. Through a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative analysis and qualita-tive insights, the research assessed operational metrics across multiple service areas and gathered detailed feedback from the hotel owner. The study revealed significant improvements in operational efficiency, with check-in processing times decreasing from 3.3 to 2.7 minutes and AI system adoption increasing from 82% to 93%. Gu-est satisfaction scores showed notable enhancement, with overall satisfaction rising from 4.6 to 4.8 out of 5. The AI systems demonstrated impressive multilingual ca-pabilities, handling 28 languages with 98.7% accuracy, while document processing achieved 99.2% accuracy across various types. Internal communications benefited from 32% time savings, with efficiency rates exceeding 96% across all categories. Staff adaptation, though initially challenging, was successfully managed through comprehensive training and gradual implementation, resulting in improved job satisfaction and team collaboration. The findings provide empirical evidence that strategic AI integration can enhance both operational efficiency and guest satisfa-ction while complementing human service elements. This research contributes va-luable insights for hospitality managers considering AI implementation and offers a practical blueprint for successful technology integration in the hospitality sector, while also highlighting areas for future research in different hotel categories and geographical contexts.
Keywords: AI integration, ChatGPT, Gemini, hospitality, operational efficiency
Published in RUP: 16.12.2025; Views: 254; Downloads: 1
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7. Postural sway in multiple sclerosis patients : interaction of vision, surface, and fatigue effectsŽiga Kozinc, Eva Žura, Gregor Brecl Jakob, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Introduction: Postural control impairments are common in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), resulting in postural instability and increased fall risk. Sensory inputs are crucial to maintain balance adequately. Additionally, fatigue is one of the common and most disabling symptoms of MS, possibly contributing to postural deficits. Previous studies have examined the effects of fatigue and altered sensory conditions on postural control in patients with MS. The present study aimed to extend this knowledge by jointly assessing these factors within the same experimental framework, providing additional insight into how fatigue modulates sensory contributions to balance. Methods: A total of 21 patients with MS (age = 41.1 ± 10.1 years; EDSS = 1.9 ± 1.0; disease duration = 6.8 ± 4.9 years) completed balance assessments on firm and compliant surfaces with both eyes open and eyes closed, before and after a 6-min walk test used to induce fatigue. Postural sway was quantified using sway velocity and root mean square (RMS). Results: There was a significant effect of surface on sway velocity (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.60), with a greater sway on the compliant surface compared to the firm surface. Fatigue significantly increased sway RMS (p = 0.023, η2 = 0.23) but did not affect sway velocity (p > 0.05). The absence of visual input (eyes closed) also significantly increased sway RMS (p = 0.001, η2 = 0.46). There was a significant interaction between surface and vision for sway RMS (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.54), with a larger effect of surface instability in the eyes-closed condition. Discussion: Patients with MS face increased challenges in maintaining postural control under conditions of fatigue, surface instability, and lack of visual input. Sway RMS may be more sensitive to these effects than sway velocity.
Keywords: balance control, sensory integration, proprioception, motor impairments, fall prevention, neurological disorders, physical fatigue
Published in RUP: 27.10.2025; Views: 511; Downloads: 8
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8. Perceptions, ethical challenges and sustainable integration of generative AI in health science education : a cross-sectional studyMirko Prosen, Sabina Ličen, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: first_pagesettingsOrder Article Reprints Open AccessArticle Perceptions, Ethical Challenges and Sustainable Integration of Generative AI in Health Science Education: A Cross-Sectional Study by Mirko ProsenORCID andSabina Ličen *ORCID Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Polje 42, 6310 Izola, Slovenia * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Sustainability 2025, 17(14), 6546; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17146546 Submission received: 30 May 2025 / Revised: 15 July 2025 / Accepted: 17 July 2025 / Published: 17 July 2025 (This article belongs to the Special Issue E-Learning and Educational Technologies for Sustainable Transformation of Education) Downloadkeyboard_arrow_down Versions Notes Abstract Generative artificial intelligence (AI) is changing higher education. Understanding students’ perceptions, usage behaviour and ethical concerns is crucial for the responsible and sustainable use of AI in the academic environment. The aim of this study was to explore the perceptions, experiences and challenges of health sciences students in relation to the use of generative AI in their academic learning. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted with 397 students enrolled in four undergraduate health-related degree programmes in Slovenia, including nursing, physiotherapy, dietetics and applied kinesiology. The data was collected using a validated 27-point scale. Students were generally favourable towards AI, especially in terms of its perceived usefulness, integration into their daily study routine and ethical considerations. Regression analyses revealed that frequency of AI use, duration of use, self-reported skill level and confidence in using AI significantly predicted perceived usefulness. Gender differences were found, with male students reporting higher perceived usefulness and fewer concerns. Students recognised the potential of generative AI but emphasised the importance of ethical guidance, digital literacy and equal access. Institutions should prioritise structured training and inclusive strategies to ensure meaningful, sustainable and responsible integration of AI into health education.
Keywords: higher education, student perceptions, digital literacy, AI integration, sustainable education, equity, ethics
Published in RUP: 21.07.2025; Views: 705; Downloads: 3
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