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Abstract: Results from the mathematical literature on random walks reveal a closed-form analytical expression for the ▫$\pi$▫-energy and bond number of graphene in the simplest tight-binding model and its Hartree-Fock Hubbard extension. Closed-form expressions follow for all ▫$\pi$▫ spectral moments of graphene. Bond numbers of carbon and boron nitride (BN) zigzag nanotubes are found as finite sums, with graphene and hexagonal boron nitride sheets as asymptotes.
Keywords: graph theory, random walks, graphene, bond number, tight-binding model, spectral moments, Hubbard model, zigzag nanotubes, hexagonal boron nitride, gamma function
Published in RUP: 10.03.2026; Views: 266; Downloads: 6
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Abstract: Short food supply chains (SFSCs) represent an innovative approach to the distribution of agricultural products, characterized by minimizing the distance between the producer and the consumer. This approach is increasingly perceived as a key factor in the resilience and sustainability of small farm development. The aim of this paper is to analyze the current use of SFSCs as a tool for strengthening the economic resilience and sustainability of small agricultural farms in the Czech Republic. It focuses on mapping factors influencing the perceived usefulness and ease of engagement and determinants of farmers’ behavioral intention to engage in SFSCs. The theoretical framework of the presented paper is based on the Technology Acceptance Model, which is applied to the agricultural sector. This framework provides a suitable structure for understanding the factors influencing the behavioural intention to adopt new technologies and innovations, including perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, which are key to understanding how farmers perceive their involvement in SFSCs and what their motivations and barriers are. The necessary data were obtained using semi-structured interviews with 156 small farmers in the Czech Republic. Categorical data were subjected to statistical hypothesis testing using contingency tables and the calculation of the χ² (chi-square) test to determine whether there was a statistically significant relationship between the variables. The use of contingency tables allowed for effective summarization and visualization of relationships between individual variables and the identification of patterns and trends in the data, which facilitated the interpretation of factors influencing the involvement of small farmers in the Czech Republic in SFSCs. The paper concludes by summarizing the importance of SFSCs as a tool for strengthening the resilience and sustainability of small agricultural farms. It also contributes to a better understanding of the factors influencing the involvement of small farmers in short food supply chains and provides recommendations for the development of agricultural policies and practices that can support the development of sustainable agricultural systems.
Keywords: short food supply chains, agriculture, economic resilience, Technology Acceptance Model
Published in RUP: 04.03.2026; Views: 161; Downloads: 5
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Keywords: motnja v duševnem razvoju, čustveni razvoj, čustvene in vedenjske težave, razvojni pristop, Došenov model, zaključne naloge
Published in RUP: 03.02.2026; Views: 4130; Downloads: 14
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Abstract: Personas are a cornerstone of user-centred design, but traditional methods for developing them are difficult to validate, prone to bias and labour-intensive. Data-driven approaches have improved scalability, but often lack the narrative richness and empathy that make personas effective. We present a methodology that uses large language models (LLMs) to accelerate the creation of personas while underpinning and constraining the results with contextual and empirical data. Our approach emphasises transparency and traceability: each generated persona attribute can be linked to its source material, including project documentation, workshop transcripts, survey results or other contextual corpora. By combining the narrative strengths of LLMs with the rigour of an evidence-based foundation, the method generates personas that are both descriptive and verifiable. We present a five-step workflow methodology: (1) generation of persona candidates from contextual data using LLMs, (2) iterative refinement to ensure representativeness of personas, (3) selection of the most relevant profiles through expert evaluation, (4) design of detailed persona profiles, and (5) enrichment with empirical evidence to ensure traceability and validation. The methodology is illustrated with a case study from the field of soil health, but can also be applied to other design contexts where alignment between different stakeholders is crucial. We argue that this approach positions LLMs not as a substitute for human expertise, but as an accelerator of persona work that improves accountability, reduces bias and facilitates communication in collaborative design processes.
Keywords: personas, large language model, traceability, user-centered design, decision support systems
Published in RUP: 30.01.2026; Views: 371; Downloads: 4
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Abstract: The purpose of the paper is to examine the impact of the agricultural sector on agricultural emissions in South Africa. To this end, we estimate an agricultural-induced environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) for South Africa between 1990 and 2022 using conventional and threshold regression frameworks. Our regression estimates reveal a ‘humped-shaped’ relationship between agricultural production and agricultural emissions, whereby agricultural production produces lower agricultural emissions above threshold estimates of 4,876 and 6,100 metric tons of CO2 emissions. Further investigations show that the South African economy has consistently remained above these thresholds since 2010. Moreover, a forecast analysis of the time series using ARIMA models shows that agricultural productionis (emissions are) on an upward (a downward) trajectory. However, the forecasting analysis also shows that the South African agricultural sector is not scheduled to reach the net-zero emissions target by 2050. Altogether, these findings imply that whilst South Africa had followed a trajectory of sustainable development prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, the current trajectory may not be sufficient to attain the 2050 Sustainable Development Goals.
Keywords: agricultural sector, agricultural emissions, environmental Kuznets curve (EKC), threshold regression model, ARIMA forecasting, South Africa
Published in RUP: 16.01.2026; Views: 335; Downloads: 0
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