1. Push-out resistance of threaded wooden dowels in cross-laminated timber with hardwood cross-layerLei Han, Mohammad Derikvand, Jakub Michal Sandak, Martin Hladnik, Dick Sandberg, Andreja Kutnar, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Europe is experiencing a shift in timber resource availability, with a decline in softwoods and an increase in hardwoods, creating a need to explore the utilisation of hardwoods, particularly in construction, where softwoods have traditionally been predominant. This research aimed to assess the potential of using hardwood in hybrid, doweled cross-laminated timber (DCLT) fabricated with pre-dried threaded beech dowels. The objective was to evaluate the push-out resistance of beech dowels in a three-layer DCLT with spruce in the outer longitudinal layers and beech, poplar, or spruce in the cross-layer. The DCLT specimens were conditioned at various temperatures and relative-humidity (RH) levels before the push-out test. The specimens with beech cross-layer exhibited a higher push-out resistance than those made entirely of spruce. In contrast, using poplar in the cross-layer showed no considerable difference in push-out resistance compared to using spruce. Exposure to 70 °C and 10% RH for three days decreased the push-out resistance in all groups due to extreme shrinkage of the lamellae, whereas exposure to 20 °C and 65% RH for either 60 days or 240 days resulted in higher push-out resistance for DCLT with a beech cross-layer.
Keywords: DCLT, underutilised species, hardwood, dowel
Published in RUP: 12.09.2025; Views: 476; Downloads: 11
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3. Impact of drying process on kraft lignin : ligninwater interaction mechanism study by 2D NIR correlation spectroscopyOihana Gordobil, Rene Alexander Herrera Diaz, Faksawat Poohphajai, Jakub Michal Sandak, Anna Malgorzata Sandak, 2021, original scientific article Keywords: hardwood kraft lignin, drying temperature, DVS, NIR spectroscopy, 2D-COS
Published in RUP: 06.05.2021; Views: 3592; Downloads: 11
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4. Fractionation of lignin using organic solvents : a combined experimental and theoretical studyVeerapandian Ponnuchamy, Oihana Gordobil, Rene Alexander Herrera Diaz, Anna Malgorzata Sandak, Jakub Michal Sandak, 2020, original scientific article Keywords: hardwood kraft lignin, fractionation, chemometrics, density functional theory, hydrogen bonds, noncovalent interactions
Published in RUP: 02.12.2020; Views: 3125; Downloads: 36
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6. Heavy laminated timber frames with rigid three-dimensional beam-to-column connectionsBohumil Kasal, Pablo Guindos, Tiberiu Polocoşer, Andreas Heiduschke, Shota Urushadze, Stanislav Pospisil, 2014, original scientific article Keywords: beam-to-column connection, drift, earthquake, full scale, hardwood, hysteresis, laminated timber frame, timber
Published in RUP: 19.11.2018; Views: 4152; Downloads: 240
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7. Performance of 3-layer composites with densified surface layers of Nothofagus species of Southern Patagonian forestsMatthew Schwarzkopf, Michael David Burnard, Guillermo Martinez Pastur, Lucas Monelos, Andreja Kutnar, 2017, published scientific conference contribution abstract Keywords: beech, densified, hardwood, mechanics, wood modification
Published in RUP: 15.11.2017; Views: 4864; Downloads: 84
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