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Abstract: In 1976, Delsarte introduced the notion of q-analogs of designs, and q-analogs of graphs were introduced recently by M. Braun et al. In this paper, we extend that study by giving a method for constructing transitive regular q-analogs of graphs. Further, we illustrate the method by giving some examples. Additionally, we introduced the notion of q-analogs of quasi-strongly regular graphs and give examples of transitive q-analogs of quasi-strongly regular graphs coming from spreads.
Keywords: q-ary design, q-ary graph, regular graph, transitive group
Published in RUP: 03.11.2025; Views: 267; Downloads: 1
Full text (382,29 KB)

Abstract: In 2007, Miklavič and Potočnik proposed the problem of characterizing distance-regular Cayley graphs, which can be viewed as an extension of the problem of identifying strongly regular Cayley graphs, or equivalently, regular partial difference sets. Let p be an odd prime. In this paper, all distance-regular Cayley graphs over ℤps ⊕ ℤp are identified. It is shown that every such graph is isomorphic to a complete graph, a complete multipartite graph, or the line graph of a transversal design TD(r, p) with 2 ≤ r ≤ p − 1.
Keywords: distance-regular graph, Cayley graph, Schur ring, Fourier transformation, transversal design
Published in RUP: 21.10.2025; Views: 389; Downloads: 2
Full text (461,23 KB)

Abstract: Let ▫$W(G)$▫ be the Wiener index of a graph ▫$G$▫. We say that a vertex ▫$v \in V(G)$▫ is a Šoltés vertex in ▫$G$▫ if ▫$W(G - v) = W(G)$▫, i.e. the Wiener index does not change if the vertex ▫$v$▫ is removed. In 1991, Šoltés posed the problem of identifying all connected graphs ▫$G$▫ with the property that all vertices of ▫$G$▫ are Šoltés vertices. The only such graph known to this day is ▫$C_{11}$▫. As the original problem appears to be too challenging, several relaxations were studied: one may look for graphs with at least ▫$k$▫ Šoltés vertices; or one may look for ▫$\alpha$▫-Šoltés graphs, i.e. graphs where the ratio between the number of Šoltés vertices and the order of the graph is at least ▫$\alpha$▫. Note that the original problem is, in fact, to find all ▫$1$▫-Šoltés graphs. We intuitively believe that every ▫$1$▫-Šoltés graph has to be regular and has to possess a high degree of symmetry. Therefore, we are interested in regular graphs that contain one or more Šoltés vertices. In this paper, we present several partial results. For every ▫$r\ge 1$▫ we describe a construction of an infinite family of cubic ▫$2$▫-connected graphs with at least ▫$2^r$▫ Šoltés vertices. Moreover, we report that a computer search on publicly available collections of vertex-transitive graphs did not reveal any ▫$1$▫-Šoltés graph. We are only able to provide examples of large ▫$\frac{1}{3}$▫-Šoltés graphs that are obtained by truncating certain cubic vertex-transitive graphs. This leads us to believe that no ▫$1$▫-Šoltés graph other than ▫$C_{11}$▫ exists.
Keywords: Šoltés problem, Wiener index, regular graphs, cubic graphs, Cayley graph, Šoltés vertex
Published in RUP: 10.09.2025; Views: 413; Downloads: 2
Full text (456,75 KB)

Abstract: A graph is said to be k-isoregular if any two vertex subsets of cardinality at most k, that induce subgraphs of the same isomorphism type, have the same number of neighbors. It is shown that no 3-isoregular bicirculant (and more generally, no locally 3-isoregular bicirculant) of order twice an odd number exists. Further, partial results for bicirculants of order twice an even number as well as tricirculants of specific orders, are also obtained. Since 3-isoregular graphs are necessarily strongly regular, a motivation for the above result about bicirculants is that it brings us a step closer to obtaining a direct proof of a classical consequence of the Classification of Finite Simple Groups, that no simply primitive group of degree twice a prime exists for primes greater than 5.
Keywords: 3-isoregularity, strongly regular graph, bicirculant, tricirculant
Published in RUP: 06.08.2025; Views: 451; Downloads: 6
Full text (233,35 KB)

Abstract: Let a group of automorphisms lift along a regular covering projection of connected graphs given combinatorially by means of voltages. The data that determine the lifted group and its action are then conveniently encoded in terms of voltages as well. Along these lines, an algorithm for testing whether the lifted group is a split extension of the group of covering transformations has recently been proposed in the case when the group of covering transformations is solvable. It consists of decomposing the covering into a series of coverings with elementary abelian groups of covering transformations, and inductively solving the problem at every elementary abelian step. Although the explicit construction of the lifted group is not needed, it still involves time and space consuming constructions of certain subgroups in the lifted group at every step except at the final one. In this paper, an improved version that completely avoids such constructions is presented. From voltage distribution we first compute the weak action and the factor set that determine the lifted group, and we then carry out the test by extracting the necessary information only from the corresponding weak actions and factor sets at every step. An experimental comparison is made against the previous version.
Keywords: algorithm, graph, group extension, lifting automorphisms, regular covering projection, voltages
Published in RUP: 03.01.2022; Views: 2324; Downloads: 39
Full text (317,95 KB)