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Opis: Native to East Asia, the Asian bush mosquito (Aedes japonicus) has recently expanded its global range, with established invasive populations in Europe and North America. Given its potential role as a vector of various arboviruses, understanding its invasion process and ecological dynamics is crucial for managing its spread and mitigating public health risks. In the Iberian Peninsula, the species was first detected in Asturias in 2018 and has since expanded to neighbouring regions. Here, we elucidate the invasion pathways and possible origins of Ae. japonicus populations in Spain using sequence data and microsatellite markers, and by screening for the presence of maternally transmitted bacteria of the genus Wolbachia. We analysed 635 Ae. japonicus from 14 countries, including Japan (native range), the United States, and 12 European countries. No clear association between haplotypes and geographical location was detected in any of the three genes analysed (nuclear ITS2, mitochondrial COI and ND4). Wolbachia was not detected in any of the screened samples. In contrast, microsatellite-based population structure analyses showed that most Spanish samples clustered closely with those from College Park, Maryland (USA), located near the Port of Baltimore, one of the largest ports in the United States and a recognised gateway for invasive species introductions. Northern Spain hosts major seaports such as Bilbao and Gijón, whereas the nearest established Ae. japonicus population in Europe lies over 1,000 km away in northeastern France. Taken together, these findings suggest that the most plausible invasion route of Ae. japonicus into Spain involves maritime transport from the eastern coast of the United States to northern Spanish ports, likely accompanied by additional minor introductions of European origin. The inclusion of additional microsatellite loci originally developed for Ae. albopictus yielded results consistent with those obtained using Ae. japonicus-specific loci, reinforcing the robustness of the observed patterns. This work provides new insights into the invasion process of Ae. japonicus in Europe and highlights the need for continuous monitoring and tailored interventions at key ports of entry.
Ključne besede: Aedes, invasive mosquitoes, invasion genetics, northern Spain, points of entry, wsp marker
Objavljeno v RUP: 26.08.2026; Ogledov: 276; Prenosov: 5
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Opis: Background Aedes koreicus is native to Far East Asia and recorded in Europe since 2008. In Italy, Ae. koreicus is widespread throughout the Northern part of the peninsula, highlighting its invasive potential and spread. However, no clear clues about the dispersal patterns of the species have been collected so far. Methodology/Principal findings Population genetic analyses were performed to assess the genetic structure of populations of Ae. koreicus and to make hypotheses about its dispersal patterns in Northern Italy. Ten microsatellite markers specific for Ae. koreicus were used to genotype 414 individuals from 13 populations in the pre-alpine area of Italy, and neighboring Slovenia. Basic and Bayesian population genetic analyses were performed to evaluate patterns of genetic variation, genetic structure, and demography of selected mosquito populations. While presenting a certain degree of structuring, the Italian and Slovenian populations of Ae. koreicus were poorly differentiated. Moreover, demographic analysis supports the expansion of a single population propagule of Ae. koreicus in Italy and Slovenia and provides evidence of the presence of overwintering populations in the studied area. Conclusions/Significance Our results highlight a common origin, and stable colonization of Northern Italy and Slovenia, as a probable consequence of the expansion of a unique population. This stresses out the importance of continuous monitoring of Ae. koreicus, to finally uncover the geographic origins and entrance pathways of invasive populations and to prevent or limit further introductions.
Ključne besede: Aedes koreicus, Italy, genetics
Objavljeno v RUP: 26.09.2025; Ogledov: 914; Prenosov: 7
Celotno besedilo (1,42 MB)
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Ključne besede: Aedes albopistus, ecological niche modeling, generalized dissimilarity modeling, genotype- environment association, geometric morphometrics, niche conservatism, RAD sequencing, rapid adaptation
Objavljeno v RUP: 11.02.2020; Ogledov: 3585; Prenosov: 164
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Ključne besede: Aedes japonicus japonicus, Asian bush mosquito, Europe, Microsatelites, population genetics, nad4 haplotypes
Objavljeno v RUP: 15.10.2015; Ogledov: 4986; Prenosov: 127
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