1. Processing and mounting phlebotomine sand flies : a consensus guidelineFano José Randrianambinintsoa, Laure Augendre, Jorian Prudhomme, Jean-Philippe Martinet, Mathieu Loyer, Nalia Mekarnia, Hocine Kerkoub, Farzana Khan Perveen, Antoine Huguenin, Vladimir Ivović, 2026, pregledni znanstveni članek Opis: This article provides a comprehensive guide for the processing and mounting of phlebotomine sand fly specimens, which is crucial for species identification and pathogen detection and isolation. It discusses a range of techniques suitable for both field and laboratory settings. The guide includes detailed instructions on sand fly collec- tion, handling, covering, and euthanasia (recommending dry freezing or CO2 over chemicals) as well as conservation strategies, such as cold storage and preservation in ethanol. The quality of preparation of certain anatomical structures (genital organs, head and wings) is essential for their proper microscopic observation and is described in this work. The article also presents detailed sample processing, including the clearing process with agents such as potassium hydrox- ide then Marc-André solution. The mounting process compares different media, emphasizing their optical properties and preservation potential. Hoyer fluid (also known as chloral gum) is recommended for quick observation, particularly for spermathecae, due to its clarity, although it is not suitable for long-term storage. Other media discussed include polyvinyl alcohol, EuparalÒ (for limited water tolerance), and Canada balsam (a hydrocarbon-soluble medium), with the latter two offering long-term preservation capabilities. Innovative molecular biology approaches such as DNA sequencing and MALDI-ToF, which require particular attention to sample processing, are also addressed. Furthermore, short video clips illustrating various mounting techniques as well as translations in many different languages are provided, allowing the guideline to reach the diverse needs and expectations of the global scientific community.
Ključne besede: mounting, Phlebotomine sand fly, Hoyer fluid, Marc-André solution, Chloral gum, Polyvinyl alcohol, Euparal®, Canada balsam, Leishmania isolation, field conditions, culture, dissection, molecular biology, MALDI-ToF, type-specimens
Objavljeno v RUP: 03.04.2026; Ogledov: 198; Prenosov: 6
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2. Understanding and predicting the geographic distributions of phlebotomine sand flies in and around EuropeDanyang Wang, Anouschka R. Hof, Kevin D. Matson, Frank van Langevelde, Edwin Kniha, Vít Dvořák, Ognyan Mikov, Ivelina Katerinova, Simona Tchakarova, Maria Antoniou, Jorian Prodhomme, Denis Sereno, Vladimir Ivović, Katja Adam, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Climate and land-use changes influence the transmission of vector-borne diseases by affecting the distribution and survival of disease vectors. Numerous diseases are transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae), including leishmaniasis. Several major sand fly-borne diseases are responsible for high global disease burdens and high socio-economic costs. In Europe, over 20 known sand fly vector species are largely confined to the Mediterranean Basin, yet records of sand fly presence further north increase. Global warming is predicted to drive the spread of sand flies to large areas of Europe in the 21th century, an effect likely to be exacerbated by anthropogenic factors. However, the constraints to the geographic distributions of sand flies are not well understood. This study aims to increase the understanding of the drivers of the geographic distributions of sand flies, using species distribution modelling to systematically test links between sand fly occurrences and climatic, land-use, lithological, biodiversity and human population variables in Europe and adjacent Mediterranean regions. We found that moisture is the most important environmental variable both in explaining and in predicting sand fly occurrences. The projected suitable habitats are larger than the current known sand fly distributions, and these habitats are expected to expand due to changes in climate and land-use.
Ključne besede: climate change, land-use, moisture, phlebotomine sand fly, species distribution modelling, suitable habitat
Objavljeno v RUP: 06.11.2025; Ogledov: 532; Prenosov: 8
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3. Sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in eight Balkan countries : historical review and region-wide entomological surveyVít Dvořák, Ozge E. Kasap, Vladimir Ivović, Ognyan Mikov, Jovana Stefanovska, F. Martinković, Jasmin Omeragić, Igor Pajović, Devrim Baymak, G. Oguz, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: Phlebotomine, sand fly, Balkans, species, morphology
Objavljeno v RUP: 24.12.2020; Ogledov: 3050; Prenosov: 37
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