1. Evaluating motor deficits in multiple sclerosis using jump and hop tests : a review of current evidenceEva Žura, Adis Burzić, Erik Paulin, Žiga Kozinc, 2025, pregledni znanstveni članek Opis: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease that often leads to subtle motor impairments even in early stages. Traditional clinical assessments may fail to detect these early deficits. Jump and hop tasks, requiring complex neuromuscular coordination, have emerged as promising functional assessments in neurological populations. This review aims to synthesize current evidence on the use of jump- and hop-based assessments to evaluate motor performance in people with MS (pwMS). A systematic search of PubMed and Scopus was conducted in April 2025. Studies were included if they involved pwMS, used jump or hop tasks, and reported performance, kinetic, or kinematic outcomes. Nine studies met inclusion criteria. Countermovement jumps (CMJ) were most frequently used and consistently detected motor deficits in pwMS, including reduced flight time, jump height, and power output. Single-leg CMJ tests identified asymmetries correlated with disability scores. Bipedal hops revealed impaired coordination and anticipatory control. One study assessed motor fatigability through repetitive jumping, while another evaluated the patient experience of sensor-based jump testing. Jump and hop assessments provide potentially sensitive, non-invasive tools for detecting early motor impairments in MS. They offer potential for improving clinical monitoring and guiding individualized rehabilitation strategies.
Ključne besede: multiple sclerosis, balance, jumps
Objavljeno v RUP: 07.01.2026; Ogledov: 193; Prenosov: 1
 Celotno besedilo (355,35 KB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
2. Postural sway in multiple sclerosis patients : interaction of vision, surface, and fatigue effectsŽiga Kozinc, Eva Žura, Gregor Brecl Jakob, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Introduction: Postural control impairments are common in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), resulting in postural instability and increased fall risk. Sensory inputs are crucial to maintain balance adequately. Additionally, fatigue is one of the common and most disabling symptoms of MS, possibly contributing to postural deficits. Previous studies have examined the effects of fatigue and altered sensory conditions on postural control in patients with MS. The present study aimed to extend this knowledge by jointly assessing these factors within the same experimental framework, providing additional insight into how fatigue modulates sensory contributions to balance. Methods: A total of 21 patients with MS (age = 41.1 ± 10.1 years; EDSS = 1.9 ± 1.0; disease duration = 6.8 ± 4.9 years) completed balance assessments on firm and compliant surfaces with both eyes open and eyes closed, before and after a 6-min walk test used to induce fatigue. Postural sway was quantified using sway velocity and root mean square (RMS). Results: There was a significant effect of surface on sway velocity (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.60), with a greater sway on the compliant surface compared to the firm surface. Fatigue significantly increased sway RMS (p = 0.023, η2 = 0.23) but did not affect sway velocity (p > 0.05). The absence of visual input (eyes closed) also significantly increased sway RMS (p = 0.001, η2 = 0.46). There was a significant interaction between surface and vision for sway RMS (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.54), with a larger effect of surface instability in the eyes-closed condition. Discussion: Patients with MS face increased challenges in maintaining postural control under conditions of fatigue, surface instability, and lack of visual input. Sway RMS may be more sensitive to these effects than sway velocity.
Ključne besede: balance control, sensory integration, proprioception, motor impairments, fall prevention, neurological disorders, physical fatigue
Objavljeno v RUP: 27.10.2025; Ogledov: 449; Prenosov: 7
Celotno besedilo (366,36 KB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
3. Reliability of postural sway measures during single-leg stance : a analysis using conventional and complementary error metricsŽiga Kozinc, Aurora Kuliqi, Iza Obal, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: This study examined the test–retest reliability of postural sway measures during single-leg stance in healthy adults. Forty-eight participants performed three 30-s barefoot trials across two sessions separated by 3–5 days, using a force platform to derive eight center of pressure (CoP) variables. Reliability was assessed using conventional reliability metrics (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), typical error (TE), coefficient of variation (CV), and minimal detectable change (MDC)), as well as recently suggested complementary indices (mean absolute error (MAE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE)). Most CoP-derived variables showed good relative reliability, with ICCs ranging from 0.71 to 0.86. Sway velocity and frequency-based measures were the most consistent (e.g., sway velocity AP: ICC = 0.85), while sway area showed higher variability (ICC = 0.71, MAPE = 20.1%). Systematic improvements were observed between sessions, particularly for sway velocity (all p < 0.001) and area (p = 0.002). Absolute error metrics such as MAE and MAPE provided additional insight into individual-level variability, often exceeding values indicated by CV. The findings support the use of single-leg CoP measures in research and clinical assessments but highlight the need for careful interpretation of reliability based on both relative and absolute indices.
Ključne besede: reliability, center of pressure, balance assessment, measurement error, force platform
Objavljeno v RUP: 23.08.2025; Ogledov: 704; Prenosov: 23
Celotno besedilo (645,00 KB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
4. Sport-specific shoulder rotator adaptations : strength, range of motion, and asymmetries in female volleyball and handball athletesManca Lenart, Žiga Kozinc, Urška Čeklić, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: This study aimed to compare isometric strength, range of motion (RoM), and strength ratios of shoulder internal and external rotators between female volleyball and hand ball players Twenty-five volleyball players (age = 21.8 ± 4.8 years, height = 178.5 ± 7.1 cm, mass = 69.3 ± 7.7 kg) and twenty-four handball players (age = 19.5 ± 2.9 years, height = 169.7 ± 6.4 cm, mass = 67.6 ± 8.4 kg), all competing in the Slovenian 1st national league, participated. Maximal isometric strength and passive RoM of internal and external rotation were measured bilaterally using a handheld dynamometer and goniometer, respectively. A significant group × side interaction was observed for internal rotation RoM (F = 5.41; p = 0.024; η2 = 0.10), with volleyball players showing lower RoM on the dominant side (p = 0.001; d = 0.89), but this was not the case for handball players (p = 0.304). External rotation strength also showed a significant interaction (F = 9.34; p = 0.004; η2 = 0.17); volleyball players were stronger in the non-dominant arm (p = 0.033), while handball players were stronger in the dominant arm (p = 0.041). The external-to-internal rotation strength ratio was significantly lower on the dominant side in volleyball players compared to handball players (p = 0.047; d = 0.59). Findings suggest sport-specific adaptations and asymmetries in shoulder function, emphasizing the need for sport-specific and individually tailored injury prevention strategies. Volleyball players, in particular, may benefit from targeted strengthening of external rotators and flexibility training to address imbalances.
Ključne besede: isometric testing, joint asymmetry, injury prevention, overhead athletes, muscle balance
Objavljeno v RUP: 31.07.2025; Ogledov: 726; Prenosov: 17
Celotno besedilo (2,02 MB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
5. |
6. A novel device to preserve physical activities of daily living in healthy older peopleWolfram Haslinger, Lisa Müller, Nejc Šarabon, Christian Raschner, Helmut Kern, Stefan Loefler, 2015, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Objective: To determine the effectiveness of exercise in improving sensorimotor function and functional performance as crucial part of activities of daily living in healthy older adults. Design: RCT. Setting: Laboratory. Participants: 39 subjects (M = 71.8 years, range: 61%89 years). Intervention: Task oriented visual feedback balance training. Primary outcome measure: Timed up & go (TUG). Secondary outcome measures: Chair stand test (CST), self-paced walk test, maximum isometric torque, quiet stand posturography and dynamic balance (DB). Results: Post intervention comparison of the treatment group (TG) and control group (CG) showed better TUG (p < .01), CST (p < .001) and DB (p < .025) for the TG. Pre%post intervention comparison of the TG showed better clinically relevant outcomes in TUG (p < .001), CST (p < .001) and DB (p < .001). Conclusion: Active driven visual feedback balance training is effective in improving functional performance and dynamic balance in older adults.
Ključne besede: posturalno ravnotežje, gibalna terapija, staranje, funkcionalna sposobnost, postural balance, exercise therapy, ageing, functional performance
Objavljeno v RUP: 03.04.2017; Ogledov: 5082; Prenosov: 209
 Povezava na celotno besedilo |
7. |
8. Bicycle rider control skills : expertise and assessmentBorut Fonda, Nejc Šarabon, François-Xavier Li, 2015, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: cycling, balance, road safety, commuting, injury prevention, kolesarjenje, ravnotežje, cestna varnost, prevot, preventiva poškodb
Objavljeno v RUP: 15.10.2015; Ogledov: 6201; Prenosov: 156
Povezava na celotno besedilo |
9. |
10. Functional and neuromuscular changes in the hamstrings after drop jumps and leg curlsNejc Šarabon, Andrej Panjan, Jernej Rošker, Borut Fonda, 2013, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: isometric strength, stamping, balance, kinaesthesia, DOMS, EIMD
Objavljeno v RUP: 15.10.2013; Ogledov: 68931; Prenosov: 79
Povezava na celotno besedilo |
