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1.
Reflective practice as part of the professional development of nursing students : a cross-sectional study
Sabina Ličen, Iris Ruzzier, Mitja Zdovc, Marko Milačak, Mirko Prosen, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Aim: The aim of the study was to quantitatively assess reflective capacity among nursing students and to examine the expression of its dimensions in the clinical learning environment. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative study design was used. A purposive sample of 177 nursing students enrolled in the Nursing programme in Slovenia participated in the study. Data were collected between October and December 2025 using the Reflective Practice Questionnaire. The study used the 16-item reflective capacity subscale, which includes four dimensions: reflection-in-action, reflection-on-action, reflection with others, and self-appraisal. Data were collected through an anonymous online survey (1KA). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 29. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha. Due to non-normal data distribution, non-parametric tests were applied, including the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Friedman test, Mann–Whitney U test, Kruskal–Wallis test, and Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Results: The results showed a relatively high level of reflective capacity among nursing students (Mdn = 4.56). Based on median values, the highest scores were observed in reflection with others and self-appraisal, while the lowest were found for reflection-in-action. Differences between reflective capacity dimensions were not statistically significant (χ²(3) = 2.399, p = 0.494). No significant differences were observed between full-time and part-time students or across years of study (p > 0.05). Age was not significantly associated with reflective capacity, except for a weak negative correlation with reflection with others (ρ = −0.193, p = 0.011). Students who perceived reflection as important for their professional development and those interested in additional practical training demonstrated significantly higher levels of reflective capacity (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The findings indicate that nursing students demonstrate a relatively high level of reflective capacity, particularly in collaborative reflective processes. Reflective practice appears to be an important component of clinical learning and professional development in nursing education. Implication for nursing practice: Structured reflective activities, mentoring conversations, and guided reflection in clinical environments may strengthen students’ clinical judgement, professional responsibility, and quality of patient care.
Ključne besede: clinical education, nursing education, nursing students, reflective capacity, reflective practice
Objavljeno v RUP: 24.08.2026; Ogledov: 506; Prenosov: 9
.pdf Celotno besedilo (409,48 KB)
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2.
Understanding the impact of technostress on nurses' well-being and professional functioning : a scoping review
Melita Peršolja, Anton Grmšek Svetlin, 2026, pregledni znanstveni članek

Opis: Background: Rapid digitalization has transformed nursing practice, introducing new technological demands that generate technostress. Although technostress has been widely studied in organizational contexts, its specific impact on nurses' psychological well-being and professional functioning remains underexplored. Aim: This scoping review aimed to examine the evidence regarding the effects of technostress on nurses' well-being and professional outcomes. Materials and Methods: A scoping review was conducted following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Electronic databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, JSTOR, Scopus, and IEEE) were searched for studies published between January 2016 and February 2026. After the removal of duplicates and screening for eligibility and relevance according to the PCC framework, 11 studies were included. Results and Conclusion: The included studies were published between 2024 and 2025. The findings were synthesized into four main themes: (1) technostress and psychological well-being; (2) technostress and professional functioning; (3) Mediating mechanisms linking nurses and technostress; and (4) organizational and individual factors influencing the effects of technostress. Technostress was consistently associated with burnout, emotional exhaustion, and reduced well-being. It also negatively affected work performance, job satisfaction, and work engagement. Emotional intelligence, enhanced digital competencies, employer support, and effective system implementation were identified as factors that mitigate these effects.
Ključne besede: digital technology, work stress, nursing, informatics
Objavljeno v RUP: 24.08.2026; Ogledov: 259; Prenosov: 5
.pdf Celotno besedilo (332,18 KB)
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3.
At the intersection of care and command : a thematic analysis of military nurses’ experiences in a compact national defense structure
Mirko Prosen, Zlatko Kvržić, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Background: Military nursing operates at the intersection of healthcare and defense, requiring nurses to balance professional ethics with military discipline, operational readiness, and organizational hierarchy. Purpose: To explore how military nurses in a small defense system construct and sustain professional identities and how organizational structures and military culture shape their autonomy, competence, wellbeing, and family life. Methods: A qualitative design using reflexive thematic analysis was employed. Nineteen individual semistructured interviews were conducted with military nurses serving in the armed forces. Discussion: Seven interrelated themes demonstrated that professional identity in military nursing is dynamic, adaptive, and morally grounded, and is continuously negotiated at the intersection of care and command. Organizational hierarchy, autonomy, professional development, emotional resilience, family responsibilities, and institutional recognition shaped participants’ professional experiences. Conclusion: Empathetic leadership, realistic training, and policies that support work-life balance and equitable recognition are vital for well-being and operational readiness. Stronger organizational support and clearer leadership communication may enhance retention, resilience, and the quality of military healthcare
Ključne besede: military nursing, professional identity, emotional resilience, organizational culture
Objavljeno v RUP: 23.08.2026; Ogledov: 266; Prenosov: 9
.pdf Celotno besedilo (565,76 KB)
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4.
Perceptions of artificial intelligence among nursing students : an exploratory study comparing full-time and part-time students
Denis Černeka, Boštjan Žvanut, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Aim. The study aimed to explore Slovenian nursing students’ perceptions of Artifi cial Intelligence (AI) and to compare diff erences between full-time and part-time students.Material and methods. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted between 4 October and 12 December 2024 among 95 fi rst-year nursing students at the University of Primorska, Slovenia. Perceptions were measured using a refi ned and validated Slovenian version of the Shinners Artifi cial Intelligence Perception (SHAIP) questionnaire.Results. The overall mean SHAIP score indicated a neutral perception of AI (M = 3.23 out of 5, SD = 0.69). No signifi cant diff erences in the overall mean score were found between full-time and part-time students (p = 0.095), or between genders (p = 0.258). However, full-time students scored signifi cantly higher on the Perception of Professional Impact factor (p = 0.031). Conclusions. Nursing students in Slovenia generally hold a neutral perception of Artifi cial Inteligence. Diff erences between full-time and part-time students suggest that the latter may be less aware of the professional impact of AI, which highlights the need for targeted training. The refi ned Slovenian version of the SHAIP instrument demonstrated adequate validity and reliability.
Ključne besede: education, perception, nursing students, artificial intelligence, SHAIP
Objavljeno v RUP: 12.08.2026; Ogledov: 236; Prenosov: 6
.pdf Celotno besedilo (188,38 KB)
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Challenges and opportunities of micro-credentials in nursing : a qualitative study
Jakob Renko, Patrik Pucer, Igor Karnjuš, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Background: Micro-credentials (MCs) present a new opportunity for improving continuing professional development (CPD), but their implementation in the field of nursing remains largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to explore the opportunities and challenges related to integrating MCs into nursing education in Slovenia. Methods: The study utilized a qualitative, exploratory design that involved conducting semi-structured interviews. A total of 19 interviews were conducted with representatives from different parts of the MCs ecosystem. The data collected were subsequently analysed through inductive thematic analysis. Results: Three main themes were identified: potential challenges in MCs implementation, opportunities and advantages of MCs, and the scope of potential areas for MCs application. Each of the three main themes was divided into three separate subthemes, which were then divided into associated codes. The most commonly mentioned potential challenges of MCs implementation were the regulation of knowledge output, accreditation of MCs, funding, and a lack of workplace communication. The most frequently occurring opportunities and advantages were the accessibility of education and training, competence improvement, career development, and standardisation. MCs could help develop better competence in specialised fields of healthcare, individual interventions, and non-technical skills, as well as fields that are not strictly related to nursing, such as management and mentor training. Conclusion: MCs hold significant promise for advancing nursing practice. Effective implementation of MCs could impact CPD for nursing practitioners, which is a known field that needs improvement. For this to be realized, we need to take into consideration challenges such as a lack of regulation, funding, and communication between stakeholders. Further research is still required to determine how to best implement MCs into nursing practice
Ključne besede: micro-credentials, nursing, continuing professional development
Objavljeno v RUP: 10.06.2026; Ogledov: 474; Prenosov: 10
.pdf Celotno besedilo (541,21 KB)
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7.
Nurses’ moral decision-making in practice through Kantian duty ethics
Mirko Prosen, Nađa Antonić, Ema Sovinec, Mitja Zdovc, Sabina Ličen, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Background: Nurses frequently encounter ethical dilemmas, moral distress, and situations in which they must balance professional duties, personal values, and organizational constraints. Deontological ethics, particularly Kant’s ethics of duty, offers a normative framework that emphasizes moral action grounded in duty rather than consequences. However, limited empirical research explores how nurses understand and enact Kantian principles in everyday clinical practice. Research aim: To explore how nurses understand and enact principles of Kant’s ethics of duty in clinical decision-making and how this philosophical framework shapes their moral judgement, sense of duty, and professional integrity. Research design: A qualitative descriptive research design. Participants and research context: Between November and December 2025, 17 nurses were recruited from various clinical settings in Slovenia through purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured in-person interviews focused on moral decision-making, professional duty, moral autonomy, and institutional constraints. Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis approach was employed to analyze the data. Ethical considerations: The study was approved by the university ethics committee. Participation was voluntary and anonymous, and written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Findings: The data analysis developed five major thematic categories: perceptions of the demands and responsibilities of nursing work, understanding of duty and professional ethics, ethical decision-making and moral autonomy, the emotional dimension and humanized nurse–patient relationships, and organizational conditions and systemic ethical challenges. Conclusions: The findings suggest that nurses largely enact Kantian ethics of duty through internalized professional values and commitment to patient dignity. However, organizational and systemic factors significantly limit their capacity for autonomous moral action. Strengthening ethical practice in nursing requires improved working conditions, enhanced professional autonomy, and structured support through ethics education, supervision, and team-based ethical reflection
Ključne besede: nursing ethics, moral decision-making, Kantian duty ethics, professional autonomy, ethical dilemmas
Objavljeno v RUP: 07.06.2026; Ogledov: 456; Prenosov: 18
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,19 MB)
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8.
Nurses’ perceptions of artificial intelligence use in clinical practice : a qualitative study
Igor Karnjuš, Boštjan Žvanut, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek

Ključne besede: nursing, focus groups, artificial intelligence
Objavljeno v RUP: 18.02.2026; Ogledov: 864; Prenosov: 6
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9.
Serious Digital Game-Based Learning in Nursing Education : Empowering Students for Clinical Competence
Betül Tosun, Ayla Yava, 2025, samostojni znanstveni sestavek ali poglavje v monografski publikaciji

Opis: The evolution of technology in the era of digital transformation has significantly impacted the landscape of healthcare education, ushering in a paradigm shift in the way knowledge is imparted. This shift, accelerated by the imperative for online learning due to disruptions in traditional, in-person education caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, has compelled nursing educators to revamp existing curricula. Amidst these changes, digital educational applications, notably serious games, have gained prominence. Serious games are interactive computer applications designed with the aim of imparting specific learning objectives to players. Featuring challenging goals, engaging design, and scoring systems, serious games are believed to motivate students and aid in goal achievement. While the popularity of serious games in healthcare education is on the rise, their usage in nursing education has generally shown positive outcomes. This review aims to evaluate mobile-based serious games on the clinical competency development of undergraduate nursing students.
Ključne besede: healthcare education, serious games, clinical competency, nursing, nursing education
Objavljeno v RUP: 22.12.2025; Ogledov: 813; Prenosov: 1
.pdf Celotno besedilo (152,12 KB)

10.
Maximizing Nursing Students’ Engagement in Distance Learning: Strategies and Insights
Boris Ilić, Irena Kovačević, Danko Relić, Vesna Švab, Vedrana Vejzović, Seher Yurt, 2025, samostojni znanstveni sestavek ali poglavje v monografski publikaciji

Opis: The increase of online nursing education, driven by technology and the demand for flexible learning, has emphasized the importance of student engagement. Participation plays a key role in shaping both academic achievement and the acquisition of crucial nursing skills. This chapter explores the impact of technological factors such as audio and video quality, as well as internet speed, on student engagement. Moreover, it delves into how the ERR framework – a teaching approach that includes Evocation, Realization of Meaning and Reflection, along with other interactive tools can be used in online learning settings to improve nursing students’ participation. This work aims to provide educators with practical insights for improving online nursing education by combining technological considerations with innovative teaching strategies.
Ključne besede: nursing education, distance learning, student engagement, ERR framework, Technological factors
Objavljeno v RUP: 22.12.2025; Ogledov: 748; Prenosov: 2
.pdf Celotno besedilo (142,92 KB)

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