1. Targeting skeletal muscle melatonin-MT2 signaling to attenuate the obesity-cancer axis : a metabolic perspectiveMihaela Jurdana, Lovro Žiberna, 2026, pregledni znanstveni članek Opis: Obesity and metabolic syndrome promote malignancies through chronic inflammation and sustained activation of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signaling. Skeletal muscle is central to this tumor-promoting milieu because it governs insulin-stimulated glucose disposal, lipid oxidation, and endocrine crosstalk. This narrative review explores whether melatonin signaling in skeletal muscle, particularly via melatonin receptor 2 (MT2), represents a modifiable node within the obesity–cancer axis. Experimental evidence indicates that melatonin activates MT2-linked Gi/o and calcium-sensitive pathways converging on phosphoinositide 3-kinase–protein kinase B (PI3K–Akt), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II–adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase–peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (CaMKII–AMPK–PGC-1α) signaling. These pathways enhance insulin sensitivity, mitochondrial function, and lipid partitioning while reducing myosteatosis and cellular stress. By improving muscle quality, melatonin may lower systemic insulin and IGF-1 drive and inflammatory adipokine tone that fuel tumor-promoting PI3K–Akt–mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. However, human evidence remains limited and timing-dependent. Melatonin exposure in the fed state or near carbohydrate intake may worsen glycemia, particularly in carriers of melatonin receptor 1B (MTNR1B) risk alleles. Chronobiology-informed, genotype-guided trials with detailed muscle phenotyping and cancer-relevant endpoints are warranted.
Ključne besede: melatonin, melatonin receptor 1, melatonin receptor 2, melatonin receptor 1A gene, melatonin receptor 1B gene, skeletal muscle, insulin resistance, myosteatosis, sarcopenic obesity, myokines, obesity-related cancer
Objavljeno v RUP: 26.03.2026; Ogledov: 306; Prenosov: 21
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4. Tailored modulation of cellular pro-inflammatory responses with disaccharide lipid a mimeticsHeine Holger, Florian Adanitsch, Tina Tinkara Peternelj, Mira Haegman, Christoph Kasper, Simon Ittig, Rudi Beyaert, Roman Jerala, Alla Zamyatina, 2021, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: TLR4/MD-2 complex activation, Toll-like Receptor 4, immune cells activation, immunomodulation, innate immunity, lipopolysaccharide, potential adjuvant, synthetic TLR4 agonist
Objavljeno v RUP: 06.05.2021; Ogledov: 2547; Prenosov: 86
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