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Opis: Background/Objectives: Childhood obesity remains a major global health challenge influenced by poor dietary patterns and excessive energy intake. Understanding gender-specific nutritional deviations may improve the effectiveness of preventive and therapeutic interventions. This study aimed to evaluate differences in energy and nutrient intake between boys and girls with overweight or obesity status and to identify the main food sources contributing to these differences. Methods: Data from a total of 180 participants (83 boys, 97 girls; 7–18 years) attending the national obesity intervention program Camp My Challenge was analyzed. Anthropometric parameters and dietary intake were assessed using a validated food-frequency questionnaire (OPKP). Intakes were compared with Slovenian dietary reference values (DRVs). Group differences were tested using ANOVA, t-tests, and Pearson correlations (p < 0.05). Results: Boys exhibited higher body mass (79.9 ± 22.6 kg vs. 69.2 ± 19.1 kg; p = 0.001) and BMI (30.8 ± 4.8 kg/m2 vs. 28.5 ± 4.4 kg/m2; p = 0.001). Mean energy intake was 2543 ± 1138 kcal/day, exceeding DRV by 16% (t = 3.31, p < 0.001). Girls exceeded energy requirements by 24.5% vs. 5.4% in boys (p = 0.019). Boys consumed significantly more total fat (106 ± 61 g vs. 85 ± 47 g; p = 0.014), saturated fatty acids (34 ± 20 g vs. 27 ± 13 g; p = 0.011), protein (119 ± 63 g vs. 98 ± 41 g; p = 0.008), and sodium (3628 ± 2086 mg vs. 2852 ± 1520 mg; p = 0.005). Girls showed higher sugar intake (208% vs. 166% of DRV; p = 0.032), mainly from sweet foods (24%) and fruit (26%), whereas beverages—predominantly isotonic drinks—accounted for 27% of boys’ sugar intake. Sugar intake correlated with waist circumference (r = 0.305, p = 0.002) and fat mass (r = 0.272, p = 0.007) in girls. Sodium intake exceeded DRV sixfold in both sexes. Conclusions: Marked sex-specific dietary disparities exist among children with obesity. Interventions should target high sugar and energy intake in girls and excessive fat, sodium, and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption in boys to enhance the efficacy of pediatric obesity management.
Ključne besede: childhood obesity, nutrition, dietary, sex-specific
Objavljeno v RUP: 10.01.2026; Ogledov: 140; Prenosov: 0
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Opis: Sex chromosomes differ in their inheritance properties from autosomes, and hence may encode complementary information about past demographic events. We compiled and analysed a range-wide resequencing dataset of the red deer (Cervus elaphus), one of the few Eurasian herbivores of the Late Pleistocene megafauna still found throughout much of its historic range. Our analyses of 144 whole genomes reveal striking discrepancies between the population clusters suggested by autosomal and X-chromosomal data. We postulate that the genetic legacy of Late Glacial population structure is better captured and preserved by the X chromosome than by autosomes, for two reasons. First, X chromosomes have a lower Ne and hence lose genetic variation faster during isolation in glacial refugia, causing increased population differentiation. Second, following postglacial recolonisation and secondary contact, immigrant males pass on their X chromosomes to female offspring only, which effectively halves the migration rate when gene flow is male-mediated. Our study illustrates how a comparison between autosomal and sex chromosomal phylogeographic signals unravels past demographic processes which otherwise would remain hidden.
Ključne besede: red deer, sex chromosome, genomics
Objavljeno v RUP: 08.08.2025; Ogledov: 440; Prenosov: 12
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Ključne besede: Cracidae, Crax fasciolata, Bare-faced Curassow, camera traps, capture success, activity patterns, sex ratio, social organization, parental care, offspring age, breeding season
Objavljeno v RUP: 22.06.2020; Ogledov: 3332; Prenosov: 51
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Opis: This paper considers several cases that came before Venetian tribunals in the eighteenth century concerning sexual relations between adults and children. The paper will attempt to analyye the precise (or imprecise) nature of the criminality involved in such relations in the eighteenth century, and the particular concerns and procedures of Venetian law in addressing such cases. Analysis will consider to what extent modern terms such as 'deviance' and 'abuse' are relevant for understanding the meaning of such cases in their eighteenth-century contexts, and will address the significance of the Enlightenment for emphasizing particular categories of criminality. Further attention will be addressed to the concept of eighteenth-century libertinism, and its implications for sexual relations between adults and children, and also to the evolution of early modern ideas about the special significance of childhood. The disciplinary framework of the paper will consider the dimensions of legal, social, and cultural history
Ključne besede: Venice, childhood, child abuse, sex crime, Casanova, Don Giovanni
Objavljeno v RUP: 10.07.2015; Ogledov: 4103; Prenosov: 10
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Ključne besede: sex research, young people, sexuality, reproductive health, HIV, AIDS, Croatia, Slovenia
Objavljeno v RUP: 10.07.2015; Ogledov: 4261; Prenosov: 39
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