Iskanje po repozitoriju

Opis: Background: Physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep were shown to be independently associated with low back pain (LBP). The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore the associations between 24-hour movement behaviour compositions and the occurrence, severity, and estimated level of LBP impact on an individual’s life. Methods: A convenience sample of 197 adults (40% females, 37 ± 11 years of age) were asked to wear an activPAL accelerometer for at least 7 consecutive days to assess their time-use composition consisting of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA), light- intensity physical activity (LPA), sedentary behaviour (SB), and sleep and to complete a questionnaire on LBP and sociodemographic characteristics. Compositional isotemporal substitution analyses were conducted separately for the non-domain-specific and domain- specific (including occupational and non-occupational domains) movement behaviour compositions. Results: Reallocating time from MVPA to any other movement behaviour or from sleep to LPA was associated with a higher LBP impact score. For example, reallocating 60 min/day from MVPA to LPA was associated with on average 17 points (95% CI: 6 to 28) higher LBP impact score (on a 0-70 scale). We did not find significant associations between the domain- specific time-use composition and LBP impact score (p = 0.060). We also did not find significant associations of the time-use compositions with occurrence and severity of LBP (p- value range: 0.067 to 0.649). Conclusion: Our study suggests that LBP sufferers with higher MVPA and sleep better cope with LBP. The differences in the LBP impact scores associated with theoretical reallocations between movement behaviours may be deemed clinically important. Future longitudinal and experimental studies in population-representative samples are needed to confirm our findings.
Ključne besede: musculoskeletal health, physical behaviours, time-use epidemiology
Objavljeno v RUP: 30.03.2026; Ogledov: 351; Prenosov: 8
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Opis: Background: Intrinsic foot muscle strengthening and orthotic devices such as toe spacers are commonly used to improve foot alignment and function. However, evidence regarding the combined effects of strengthening exercises and interdigital spacers remains limited. Objective: To examine whether adding a silicone toe spacer to a foot strengthening exercise program provides additional benefits compared with exercise alone. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: University biomechanics laboratory. Participants: Twenty-five healthy adults (mean age 23.8 ± 1.3 years) without lower limb injury or neurological disorders were randomly allocated to one of two intervention groups. Interventions: Participants performed a six-week foot strengthening program (22 sessions). One group performed exercises alone, while the second group performed the same exercises while wearing a silicone interdigital toe spacer. Main outcome measures: The primary outcome was hallux valgus angle. Secondary outcomes included active and passive hallux range of motion (ROM), ankle dorsiflexion ROM (weight-bearing lunge test), navicular drop, and postural stability during single-leg stance assessed using center-of-pressure (CoP) measures. Results: Both groups demonstrated improvements over time in hallux valgus angle (p = 0.001, η2 = 0.361), active hallux range of motion (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.545), and ankle dorsiflexion (p < 0.001). However, no significant between-group differences were observed for the primary outcome or most secondary outcomes. A significant time × group interaction was observed only for passive hallux range of motion (p = 0.040, η2 = 0.170), indicating greater improvement in the exercise-only group. Navicular drop and postural stability variables did not change significantly. Conclusions: A six-week foot strengthening program improved hallux alignment, hallux mobility, and ankle dorsiflexion in healthy adults. The addition of a silicone toe spacer did not provide additional short-term benefits compared with exercise alone.
Ključne besede: foot, orthosis, thumb
Objavljeno v RUP: 26.03.2026; Ogledov: 485; Prenosov: 10
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Ključne besede: fatigue, elastograhy, ultrasound
Objavljeno v RUP: 22.03.2026; Ogledov: 425; Prenosov: 8
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Opis: atients with chronic neck pain experience various impairments, with reduced movement control suggested as a significant contributing factor. The heterogeneity of this patient population and suboptimal rehabilitation outcomes suggests the existence of latent subgroup characteristics. The aim of this study was to identify distinct groups among patients with neck pain based on the movement control test and pain intensity and to provide information on cluster-specific impairments. 135 patients with idiopathic neck pain performed a movement control test (the Butterfly test) at three difficulty levels and were assessed for pain intensity, providing 13 different parameters (classifiers). Louvain, hierarchical and k-means clustering methods were applied and the number of clusters determined by observing the symmetry and size of silhouette scores. Further, different machine learning algorithms were applied to develop and evaluate a classification framework (based on AUC, classification accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity) and to provide information on individual cluster characteristics using the Shapley Additive Explanations. The k-means and deep learning neural network methods provided the most efficient clustering and classification performance extracting 4 meaningful clusters. Patients between groups differed in the amount of impairment, with cluster 2 and 1 representing the most severe impairments and with clusters 3 and 4 the least severe impairments. Additionally, specific motor control impairments were observed in individual clusters suggesting distinct neck movement control adaptations. Identifying subgroups of patients with neck pain and their specific characteristics based on the results of the Butterfly test may inform future development of targeted rehabilitation strategies.
Ključne besede: neck pain, kinesthesia, proprioception clustering, machine learning
Objavljeno v RUP: 16.03.2026; Ogledov: 455; Prenosov: 6
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Opis: The Maasai are known for their unique customs, including dancing, singing, and jumping. The tribe’s traditional jumping rituals, performed by young warriors called ‘Morani,’ demonstrate their strength and skill through repetitive hops, often lasting several hours. These jumps are comparable to the countermovement jumps (CMJ) of elite Western athletes. This study compared different types of jumps (CMJ), squat jump (SJ) and repetitive hops) among three groups: (a) Maasai (n = 30), (b) Slovenian high-jump athletes and sprinters (n = 20), and (c) non-athletes in Slovenia (n = 20). Participants were male, aged 16–35. The My Jump 2 app was used to measure jump height. Results showed that during CMJ, the Maasai averaged 38.1 cm ± 7.3 cm; athletes 52.46 cm ± 9.07 cm; non-athletes 33.72 cm ± 7.22 cm. In the SJ, the Maasai averaged 35.87 cm ± 6.59 cm; athletes 49.74 cm ± 7.3 cm; non-athletes 32.57 cm ± 6.21 cm. For repetitive hops, the Maasai averaged 36.2 cm ± 7.75 cm; athletes 35.93 cm ± 5.98 cm; non-athletes 20.98 cm ± 7.07 cm. Athletes showed higher jump heights in CMJ and SJ compared to the Maasai (p < 0.001, d = 1.28; p < 0.001, d = 2.00) and non-athletes (p < 0.001, d = 2.29; p < 0.001, d = 2.53). However, in repetitive hops, the Maasai performed similarly to athletes (p = 0.991, d = 0.04), while non-athletes had significantly lower results (p < 0.001, d = 2.05). These findings suggest that the Maasai’s cultural practices enhance musculoskeletal adaptation from an early age, emphasizing that proficiency is greatest in regularly practiced tasks, such as repetitive jumps and hops.
Ključne besede: Maasai, athletes, jumps
Objavljeno v RUP: 01.03.2026; Ogledov: 604; Prenosov: 6
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