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Exploring the Effects of Multimodal User Interfaces in Autonomous Vehicles
Kristina Stojmenova Pečečnik, Timotej Gruden, Grega Jakus, Sašo Tomažič, Jaka Sodnik, 2025, independent scientific component part or a chapter in a monograph

Abstract: This short paper presents a study design created to explore how multimodal user interfaces (UIs) influence comfort, user experience, and overall well-being in fully autonomous vehicles. The study uses a motion-based driving simulator equipped with real vehicle components to provide realistic driving conditions. Participants are asked to complete two trials: a baseline trial and one with either a simple or extended multimodal UI combining auditory, tactile, and speech-based feedback. Driving scenarios include lane changes, emergency braking, V2X and V2V communication, and road surface variations. Data collection integrates physiological measures (EGG, EDA, PPG), self-assessment questionnaires on motion sickness (MSAQ) and user experience (UEQ), and performance on a reading comprehension task simulating non-driving activities. The paper provides some initial data about the participants’ demographics and their user experience with the UI, and gives an insight into the planned nest steps in terms of analysis and results application. The findings from this study will provide an insight into the potential of multimodal HMI design to enhance safety, comfort, and user acceptance in autonomous vehicles.
Keywords: user interface, autonomous vehicle, multimodal interaction, non-driving related task
Published in RUP: 30.01.2026; Views: 927; Downloads: 1
Full text (397,64 KB)

Translation of Situation Awareness Rating Technique Questionnaire in Slovenian
Kristina Stojmenova Pečečnik, Grega Jakus, 2025, independent scientific component part or a chapter in a monograph

Abstract: The Situational Awareness Rating Technique (SART) is a questionnaire designed to assess situational awareness when operating a machine. It consists of ten questions corresponding to ten dimensions that can be used to assess an operatorǯs situational awareness when interacting with and operating a machine. Although initially developed for assessment situational awareness of pilots, with the rising complexity of vehicles and introduction of automation, its use has spread significantly in automotive domain in the past decade. In this paper, we present the Slovenian version of the original questionnaire and the process of its development. For the translation of the questionnaire SART into Slovenian, the standard procedures for the translation of research instruments were applied: translation, coordination, back-translation into the source language, comparison of the back-translation with the source text and final coordination. Lastly, it was validated against a reference system in a driving-based environment.
Keywords: situational awareness rating technique, situational awareness, in-vehicle human-machine interaction, questionnaire, translation
Published in RUP: 28.01.2026; Views: 1192; Downloads: 3
Full text (463,97 KB)

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