1. Empowering men to take control of their own health : development and validation of the Men’s Response to Colorectal Cancer Screening Scale (MR–CCSS)Vesna Jašič, Mirko Prosen, Sabina Ličen, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Background/Objectives: Despite the proven effectiveness of colorectal cancer screening, men are less likely to participate than women, with emotional, behavioural and informational barriers contributing to this disparity. The aim of this study was to develop and validate the Men’s Response to Colorectal Cancer Screening Scale (MR–CCSS), a gender-sensitive instrument for measuring key factors that influence the participation of men in colorectal cancer screening. Methods: The scale was developed through a structured process that included qualitative data from focus groups (n = 20 men) and expert review (n = 11 professionals). Initial item pools were refined based on indices of content validity (I-CVI ≥ 0.78; S-CVI/Ave ≥ 0.90), resulting in a 23-item scale. The MR–CCSS was administered to 289 Slovenian men aged 50–74 years, and its psychometric properties were assessed using exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and reliability tests. Results: The EFA revealed a five-factor structure. Together, these factors explained 61.9% of the total variance. The CFA confirmed the robustness of the model (CFI = 0.928, TLI = 0.910 and RMSEA = 0.056). The internal consistency was acceptable to good, with Cronbach’s alpha between 0.665 (factor 4) and 0.833 (factor 5) for the subscales and 0.863 for the total scale. The ROC analysis showed moderate predictive accuracy (AUC = 0.702), with an optimal cut-off value of 92.5 (sensitivity = 0.782 and specificity = 0.509) for participation in screening. Conclusions: The MR–CCSS is a valid and reliable tool for identifying barriers to colorectal cancer screening in men. Its use can serve as a basis for gender-specific interventions, customised health education and strategies to improve screening equity.
Keywords: colorectal cancer screening, men’s health, health behaviour, health education, gender equity, preventive health, health promotion
Published in RUP: 15.06.2025; Views: 97; Downloads: 1
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4. Physical self-concept in slovenian adolescents: differences by gender and sports participationPetra Dolenc, 2015, original scientific article Abstract: The aim of the study was to examine the multidimensional physical self-concept among Slovenian adolescent males and females in relation to participation in sports. Three hundred and twenty participants aged between 13 and 18 were included in the study. The Slovenian version of the Physical Self-Description Questionnaire (PSDQ) was used to measure the participants' physical self-concept. The results of the multivariate analysis of variance indicated that sport participants had significantly higher scores on almost all the PSDQ subscales than non-sport participants. Based on the results of the present study, it can be concluded that sports participation is associated with a more positive physical self-concept and greater self-esteem among adolescents. The findings confirm the existence of gender differences in the physical self-concept of adolescents, but it should be stressed that these differences are smaller in sport participants than non-sport participants. The results might be useful to reflect on effective physical education and sports programs in order to promote a more active and healthy lifestyle among adolescents.
Keywords: telesna samopodoba, mladostniki, spol, šport, physical self-concept, adolescents, gender, sport
Published in RUP: 08.08.2016; Views: 4566; Downloads: 112
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7. Gender difference in children's languageIrena Rošer, 2007, review article Abstract: Up to the present day the gender difference in children's language has been studied by various researchers. The amount of research done, the differences in methods used, and the contradictory results raise questions about the initial idea - Are there gender based differences in childrenćs language? If there are, how are they demonstrated and what are they? What are the best research methods? Does the gender language difference in childhood, in any way, influence language skills in adulthood? The questions being so complex, it is impossible to cover all the areas mentioned above. What I want to do in this contribution is to summarize the actual research done in this field until today. I present a few theories that have been available over the last fifty years and I have given various research models and methods in order to cover this topic. The actual results are not surprising: differences do exist and the variations are huge. However the amount of gender innateness and the social influence of gender stereotypes create difficulties in measuring separately the difference in language caused by gender. We therefore, need to go back to the original biological and social questions of what makes a male male and what makes a female female. In the same way, all the other individual differences in children are posited under the same question - Are they a part of gender difference or is gender difference only a small part of the whole individual forming his or her personality?
Keywords: language, gender differences, innateness, social environment, girl's stereotypes, boy's stereotypes, language styles
Published in RUP: 10.07.2015; Views: 4209; Downloads: 39
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9. Touching her reputation : marriage, gossip and social networks in early modern VeniceAlexander Cowan, 2011, original scientific article Keywords: govorice, spol, zakon, socialne mreže, Benetke, gossip, gender, marriage, social networks, Venice
Published in RUP: 10.07.2015; Views: 4047; Downloads: 25
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