1. Which cubic graphs have quadrangulated spherical immersions?Lowell Abrams, Yosef Berman, Vance Faber, Michael Murphy, 2026, original scientific article Abstract: We consider spherical quadrangulations – spherical embeddings of multigraphs, possibly with loops, so that every face has boundary walk of length 4 – in which all vertices have degree 3 or 4. Interpreting each degree 4 vertex as a crossing, these embeddings can also be thought of as transversal immersions of cubic graphs which we refer to as the extracted graphs. We also consider quadrangulations of the disk in which interior vertices have degree 3 or 4 and boundary vertices have degree 2 or 3. First, we classify all such quadrangulations of the disk. Then, we provide four methods for constructing spherical quadrangulations, two of which use quadrangulations of the disk as input. Two of these methods provide one-parameter families of quadrangulations, for which we prove that the sequence of isomorphism types of extracted graphs is periodic. We close with a description of computer computations which yielded spherical quadrangulations for all but three cubic multigraphs on eight vertices.
Keywords: spherical embedding, immersion, quadrangulation
Published in RUP: 17.03.2026; Views: 292; Downloads: 9
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2. Comparison of Unity and FMOD Libraries for Spatial Audio Localization in Virtual RealityGašper Leskovec, Eva Gaberšček, Jaka Sodnik, 2025, independent scientific component part or a chapter in a monograph Abstract: Spatial audio is central to immersion and situational awareness in virtual reality (VR), but the performance differences between diferent audio engines have not been sufficiently explored. This study compares Unity’s integrated spatial audio system and the FMOD engine in a controlled VR sound localisation task. Thirty volunteers completed three levels of 16 trials each while wearing a head-mounted display (Oculus Quest). They were randomly assigned to one of the two systems and asked to identify the direction of an active loudspeaker among several virtual sources. We measured localisation accuracy, reaction time, spatial distance error and cumulative head rotation; learning effects were assessed by comparing the first and third stages. Participants using FMOD achieved slightly higher accuracy (93% vs 87% overall) and turned their heads less, suggesting that FMOD made it easier for users to localise sounds in space, while Unity users showed greater variability and a slightly greater learning gain. About two-thirds of participants improved their accuracy over time, but there were significant individual differences. These results suggest that both engines perform similarly well on basic localisation tasks, although FMOD has slight advantages in spatial accuracy. The work highlights the importance of evaluating spatial audio engines in user-centred studies and emphasises the need to consider personal factors and task complexity in future research.
Keywords: Virtual Reality, Spatial Audio, Sound Localization, Unity, FMOD, Immersion, User Experience
Published in RUP: 30.01.2026; Views: 311; Downloads: 0
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5. The influence of international mobility programmes on nursing students' personal and professional development : a descriptive researchIgor Karnjuš, Mirko Prosen, Boško Krivičić, Sabina Ličen, 2020, original scientific article Abstract: Introduction: Student mobility programmes have become a valuable instrument in student education as they enable the acquisition of essential knowledge, skills and attitudes, and equip the individual more effectively to work in the globalised world. The aim of the study was to examine the impact of international exchange programmes on the personal and professional development of undergraduate nursing students. Methods: A quantitative secondary analysis was conducted. The primary data were collected in 2016 as part of the study entitled International Nursing Student Exchange % Comparison Between Slovene and Foreign Students. The sample in the secondary analysis consisted of 73 nursing students from Slovenia and other European countries. The questionnaire included 20 statements which were rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1-strongly disagree to 5-strongly agree). The data were described on the basis of calculated mean values and the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: On the personal level, students stressed that mobility can improve their self-confidence (Z = -2.088, p = 0.037) and acceptance of other cultures (Z = -3.116, p = 0.002). On the professional level, they highlighted the need to upgrade students' professional competencies (Z = -3.116, p = 0.002), particularly in the field of culturally competent nursing care (Z = -2.391, p = 0.017). Discussion and conclusion: The benefits reported by nursing students seem to show that it is sensible to continue to support and promote international student mobility programmes.
Keywords: international exchange, nursing, students, education, cultural immersion
Published in RUP: 21.12.2020; Views: 3182; Downloads: 61
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