1. Exploring the Landscape of AI and LLMs : Familiarity, Usage, and Education Gaps at a Slovenian HeiStefanija Sikijovska, original scientific article Abstract: This paper aims at gaining insight about the familiarity with AI and LLMs, their usage, and education gaps of students at a Slovenian higher education institution (University of Primorska) and, based on the analysis of the questionnaire results, proposing the necessary future endeavours to raise awareness of pros and cons of using tools like ChatGPT in an educational environment. The paper is organized as follows: after a brief introduction, we give a concise literature review, followed by the research methodology, results of a questionnaire analysis and a conclusion, together with future research recommendations.
Keywords: AI ethics, Artificial Intelligence (AI), AI literacy, bias in AI systems, ChatGPT
Published in RUP: 11.03.2026; Views: 66; Downloads: 1
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2. Ethical aspects of using AI among occupational psychologists : a pilot studyŠpela Bizjan, Ana Arzenšek, 2025, published scientific conference contribution Abstract: Psychologists, specializing in work and organizational psychology (occupational psychologists), play a crucial role in the implementation and development of Human resource management (HRM) processes, which are increasingly affected by artificial intelligence (AI). This research aims to examine how and why AI is utilized among occupational psychologists, as well as the ethical dilemmas associated with this use in relation to the Code of Professional Ethics for Psychologists (the Code). The empirical part of this pilot study is based on a qualitative research design. 6 semi-structured interviews based on 11 questions regarding the use of AI in occupational psychologists’ work were conducted. Participants were selected through purposive sampling. The study results reveal that AI plays a vital role in automating routine administrative tasks. Participants highlighted its contribution to time efficiency and its utility in language translation. Nonetheless, concerns arise regarding increases in the occupational psychologists’ workload, as human oversight is required to ensure the accuracy and reliability of AI. While AI promises objectivity, participants cautioned that algorithms can be biased, potentially leading to discriminatory practices. They also expressed concerns about accountability. This question is pivotal, as the Code mandates the maintenance of professional boundaries and the respect for individuals' rights. Participants also pointed to risks associated with data protection. Despite this awareness, participants admitted they do not rely on the Code in their work with AI, which increases the risk of unethical decision-making. It is recommended that organizations provide adequate training for AI users, regulate data input, and ensure its use in accordance with ethical guidelines. The Slovenian Psychologists’ Association has a pivotal role in the preparation of specific guidelines and advising occupational psychologists on the ethical use of AI.
Keywords: artificial intelligence, AI integration in HRM, Code of professional ethics for psychologists, ethics in human resource processes, occupational psychologists, Slovenia
Published in RUP: 04.03.2026; Views: 139; Downloads: 3
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3. Ethical Aspects of Using AI among Occupational Psychologists : A Pilot StudyŠpela Bizjan, 2025, published scientific conference contribution Abstract: Psychologists, specializing in work and organizational psychology (occupational psychologists), play a crucial role in the implementation and development of Human resource management (HRM) processes, which are increasingly affected by artificial intelligence (AI). This research aims to examine how and why AI is utilized among occupational psychologists, as well as the ethical dilemmas associated with this use in relation to the Code of Professional Ethics for Psychologists (the Code). The empirical part of this pilot study is based on a qualitative research design. 6 semi-structured interviews based on 11 questions regarding the use of AI in occupational psychologists’ work were conducted. Participants were selected through purposive sampling. The study results reveal that AI plays a vital role in automating routine administrative tasks. Participants highlighted its contribution to time efficiency and its utility in language translation. Nonetheless, concerns arise regarding increases in the occupational psychologists’ workload, as human oversight is required to ensure the accuracy and reliability of AI. While AI promises objectivity, participants cautioned that algorithms can be biased, potentially leading to discriminatory practices. They also expressed concerns about accountability. This question is pivotal, as the Code mandates the maintenance of professional boundaries and the respect for individuals' rights. Participants also pointed to risks associated with data protection. Despite this awareness, participants admitted they do not rely on the Code in their work with AI, which increases the risk of unethical decision-making. It is recommended that organizations provide adequate training for AI users, regulate data input, and ensure its use in accordance with ethical guidelines. The Slovenian Psychologists’ Association has a pivotal role in the preparation of specific guidelines and advising occupational psychologists on the ethical use of AI.
Keywords: Artificial intelligence, AI Integration in HRM, Code of Professional Ethics for Psychologists, Ethics in Human Resource Processes, Occupational Psychologists, Slovenia
Published in RUP: 04.03.2026; Views: 135; Downloads: 5
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5. Public perceptions of generative AI in creative industries : a Reddit-based text mining studyMitja Bervar, Mirjana Pejić Bach, Tine Bertoncel, 2026, original scientific article Abstract: The integration of generative AI into creative industries is reshaping how content is produced, evaluated, and distributed. While recent advancements offer new opportunities for automation and innovation, they also raise questions about authorship, authenticity, and professional identity. This study examines public discourse on generative AI in creative domains through a text-mining analysis of nearly 4000 Reddit posts and comments. Drawing on six relevant subreddits from 2022 to 2025, the research investigates the structure of user engagement, interaction dynamics, and language patterns. It identifies dominant terms and phrases related to AI creativity, explores thematic clusters, and compares discussion styles across key tools such as Midjourney, ChatGPT, Stable Diffusion, and DALL·E. Additionally, it provides a sentiment overview based on automated classification and narrative interpretation. The findings show that Reddit users engage with generative AI not only as a set of technical tools but as a source of cultural, ethical, and creative negotiation. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of how digital transformation in creative industries is shaped by public perception, platform discourse, and evolving community norms.
Keywords: artificial intelligence, generative artificial intelligence, creative industries, human–AI collaboration, creative labor, text mining, Reddit, business ecosystems, value creation
Published in RUP: 16.02.2026; Views: 276; Downloads: 8
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6. Generative artificial intelligence and the creative industries : a bibliometric review and research agendaMitja Bervar, Tine Bertoncel, Mirjana Pejić Bach, 2026, review article Abstract: Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) is increasingly transforming creative industries through its ability to generate high-quality content, raising critical questions about authorship, ownership, and the future of creative labor. This paper addresses these challenges by conducting a systematic bibliometric review of 119 peer-reviewed articles on GenAI in the creative sectors, published between 2023 and 2025. The study applies PRISMA 2020 guidelines and keyword co-occurrence analysis using VOSviewer to identify thematic clusters and map research trends. The central research question is how the academic literature conceptualizes the role and impact of GenAI within creative industries and how this has evolved over time. Findings reveal nine major thematic areas, ranging from technical implementations to ethical, economic, and institutional perspectives. The analysis shows that recent research emphasizes not only the technological capacities of GenAI, but also its implications for value creation, creative agency, and industry structures. The main contribution of the paper lies in offering a structured overview of current research trajectories, clarifying conceptual ambiguities, and highlighting understudied areas—particularly regarding the intersection of GenAI, platform economies, and labor dynamics. The review also identifies a methodological gap in comparative empirical studies and proposes directions for future research. By mapping the evolving discourse on GenAI in creative industries, this study contributes to both scholarly understanding and policy development. It provides a foundation for interdisciplinary inquiry and a forward-looking agenda for critically assessing GenAI’s role in reshaping creative work.
Keywords: artificial intelligence, creative industries, human–AI collaboration, creative labor, business ecosystems, value creation
Published in RUP: 16.02.2026; Views: 256; Downloads: 3
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7. Upskilling older employees in the artificial intelligence eraTinkara Žabar, Aleksander Janeš, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Research Question (RQ): What is the effect of new technologies, with an emphasis on artificial intelligence (AI), on the need to upskill older employees (50+ years). Purpose: The purpose of the research was to carry out a systematic literature review of existing research in the field of the effect of AI on the upskilling needs of older employees. Method: We performed a systematic literature review across six academic search engines: ProQuest, Emerald, Sage Journals, Springer, Research Gate, and Google Scholar. Results: Artificial intelligence is significantly transforming the labor market, as it requires constant adaptation to new skills and knowledge. AI has a significant effect on older employees, who are exposed to greater challenges due to a possible lack of digital skills and sensitivity to change. In this context, training and further education are key mechanisms to ensure that skills match the requirements of the work environment and the labor market. Organizations must quickly adapt to changing requirements by creating a culture of lifelong learning that encourages seniors and other employees to improve. Training programs must be based on the specific needs and challenges faced by older employees. Organization: The research emphasizes the importance of training older employees in the age of AI and encourages organizations to create a culture of lifelong learning as part of the organization's strategic directions and goals. Society: The importance of research for society is reflected in the insight into the involvement of all age groups in the possibility of improving knowledge, skills, and attitudes towards the use of modern technologies. Organizations and society itself bear the social responsibility to enable older employees to successfully integrate into the work environment in the AI era. Originality: The research addresses the need to improve the skills of a specific age group in the age of AI, where it simultaneously highlights the importance of fostering a culture of lifelong learning in a rapidly changing world. The research findings provide guidelines for policymaking in the field of training on the national level in the context of an aging workforce and new technologies. Limitations/further research: The literature review was limited to six publicly available databases. In the article, older employees were considered as people in the labor process older than 50 years. We must emphasize that older employees differ from each other in terms of education, economic, social, and other circumstances. Further research should investigate the effect of new technologies regarding the specific circumstances mentioned in this age group.
Keywords: knowledge society, upskilling, knowledge management, retraining, older employees, artificial intelligence, lifelong learning
Published in RUP: 12.01.2026; Views: 218; Downloads: 4
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8. Comparative Analysis of AI Regulation in Education Across Western Balkan Countries : Challenges and OpportunitiesLejla Turulja, Amra Kapo, 2025, independent scientific component part or a chapter in a monograph Abstract: This chapter presents a comparative analysis of the regulation of AI in education across the countries of the Western Balkans (WB), examining existing legal frameworks, national strategies and practical implementations in preuniversity and higher education systems. Although AI has gained global importance, the pace of its integration into educational systems varies significantly among the countries of the world, including the countries of the Western Balkans. In Serbia, the government has adopted a proactive approach, launching a national artificial intelligence strategy (2020–2025) that includes the integration of AI content into primary and secondary education. The government also supports AI research through dedicated institutes and higher education programs focused on AI. Despite this, the actual presence of AI-specific legislation in education remains limited, with most references to AI appearing in policy documents rather than enforceable legal texts. In contrast, North Macedonia and Montenegro have taken initial steps towards introducing AI in their education sectors, with AI mentioned in broad digitisation strategies but without specific education regulations. In these countries, AI is often seen in the context of digital skills development rather than as a dedicated subject within educational programs. Meanwhile, Bosnia and Herzegovina faces challenges due to its decentralised education system, where AI and technology integration strategies differ between entities. Although there are references to the modernisation of education with technology, the content and legal framework specific to artificial intelligence are still in an early stage. This chapter contributes to the growing body of research on the regulation of artificial intelligence by providing a comparative analysis of the integration of AI into the educational frameworks of WB countries. It examines how Serbia, North Macedonia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina respond to the global call for digitisation and AI education, exploring the extent to which national policies, legal frameworks, and strategic documents address AI in their education systems. The chapter highlights both similarities and differences in each country’s approach to AI in education, analysing how each nation’s legal environment either supports or hinders the integration of AI into curricula at primary, secondary, and tertiary levels. By presenting comparisons, this chapter contributes to ongoing discussions on how the Western Balkans region can leverage AI for education reform and broader social development, serving as a roadmap for policymakers, educators, and researchers interested in managing AI in education.
Keywords: artificial intelligence regulation, education, Western Balkans
Published in RUP: 23.12.2025; Views: 256; Downloads: 2
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9. AI in higher education : analysis of relevant practices and their potential for green transitionVesna Ferk Savec, Sanja Jedrinović, 2025, independent scientific component part or a chapter in a monograph Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to significantly impact the entire spectrum of sustainable development by targeting the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. In the present study, we analysed reports from university teachers on 26 practises of AI implementation in pedagogical processes at nine faculties of the University of Ljubljana that responded to a call for participation in the Artificial Intelligence in Education project at the University of Ljubljana (2023–2024). We found that various AI tools were mainly used to facilitate the achievement of the sustainable development pillars Economy (SDG9, SDG12) and Society (SDG4) in different areas of KLASIUS-P educational activities, other SDGs were addressed to a lesser extent. Based on the results, we can conclude that the integration of AI into the pedagogical process has great potential but needs to be supported by regulatory insights and monitoring of AI-based technologies to enable sustainable development.
Keywords: sustainable development goals (SDGs), artificial intelligence in education (AIEd), higher education (HE)
Published in RUP: 19.12.2025; Views: 460; Downloads: 8
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10. The Panorama of Digital Education in the XXI CenturyPedro Tadeu, Carlos Brigas, 2025, independent scientific component part or a chapter in a monograph Abstract: This chapter aims to analyse digital education in the twenty-first century, a complicated topic with tremendous advancements and challenges. We analyse digital education from different angles and like this we want to analyse his substantial significance in the modern education framework. This approach highlights several benefits, such as extensive educational opportunities, engaging and dynamic learning opportunities, and tailored training that meets each learner's needs. However, we also discuss the inherent challenges that the digital education brings to us nowadays, they include the availability and fairness, the technology limitations, and the absence of in-person social interaction. Another important aspect to analyse is the significant impact of the digital education on the pedagogical approaches and how the digital education could affect globalisation, specifically how it might help people engage across cultural boundaries and overcome specific constraints. To conclude, we also analyse new trends like gamification, virtual and augmented reality, and artificial intelligence to find possible future directions for digital education. The chapter ends by stating that to fully realise the potential of digital education and create an inclusive and successful learning environment for the future, these opportunities and challenges must be continuously explored.
Keywords: digital education, artificial intelligence, ict tools, challenges, opportunities
Published in RUP: 19.12.2025; Views: 305; Downloads: 2
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