41. Algebraični aspekti teorije grafov : doktorska disertacijaAdemir Hujdurović, 2013, doctoral dissertation Keywords: circulant, bicirculant, semiregular automorphism, vertex-transitive graph, half-arc-transitive graph, snark, Cayley graph, quasi m-Cayley graph, generalized Cayley graph, I-regular action, regular cover of a graph, automorphism group Published in RUP: 10.07.2015; Views: 3497; Downloads: 42 Link to full text |
42. Distance-regular Cayley graphs on dihedral groupsŠtefko Miklavič, Primož Potočnik, 2005, original scientific article Abstract: The main result of this article is a classification of distance-regular Cayley graphs on dihedral groups. There exist four obvious families of such graphs, which are called trivial. These are: complete graphs, complete bipartite graphs, complete bipartite graphs with the edges of a 1-factor removed, and cycles. It is proved that every non-trivial distance-regular Cayley graph on a dihedral group is bipartite, non-antipodal, has diameter 3 and arises either from a cyclic di#erence set, or possibly (if any such exists) from a dihedral difference set satisfying some additional conditions. Finally, all distance-transitive Cayley graphs on dihedral groups are determined. It transpires that a Cayley graph on a dihedral group is distance-transitive if and only if it is trivial, or isomorphic to the incidence or to the non-incidence graph of a projective space ▫$\mathrm{PG}_{d-1} (d,q)$▫, ▫$d \ge 2$▫, or the unique pair of complementary symmetric designs on 11 vertices. Keywords: mathematics, grah theory, distance-regular graph, distance-transitive graph, Cayley graph, dihedral group, dihedrant, difference set Published in RUP: 10.07.2015; Views: 2610; Downloads: 90 Link to full text |
43. On overgroups of regular abelian p-groupsEdward Dobson, 2009, original scientific article Abstract: Let ▫$G$▫ be a transitive group of odd prime-power degree whose Sylow ▫$p$▫-subgroup ▫$P$▫ is abelian od rank ▫$t$▫. Weshow that if ▫$p > 2^{t-1}$▫, then ▫$G$▫ has a normal subgroup that is a direct product of ▫$t$▫ permutation groups of smaller degree that are either cyclic or doubly-transitive simple groups. As a consequence, we determine the full automorphism group of a Cayley diagraph of an abelian group with rank two such that the Sylow ▫$p$▫-subgroup of the full automorphism group is abelian. Keywords: group theory, graph theory, Cayley graph, abelian group, regular group, p-group Published in RUP: 15.10.2013; Views: 3267; Downloads: 157 Link to full text |
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45. Hamilton cycles in (2, odd, 3)-Cayley graphsHenry Glover, Klavdija Kutnar, Aleksander Malnič, Dragan Marušič, 2012, original scientific article Abstract: In 1969, Lovász asked if every finite, connected vertex-transitive graph has a Hamilton path. In spite of its easy formulation, no major breakthrough has been achieved thus far, and the problem is now commonly accepted to be very hard. The same holds for the special subclass of Cayley graphs where the existence of Hamilton cycles has been conjectured. In 2007, Glover and Marušič proved that a cubic Cayley graph on a finite ▫$(2, s, 3)$▫-generated group ▫$G = \langle a, x| a^2 = x^s = (ax)^3 = 1, \dots \rangle$▫ has a Hamilton path when ▫$|G|$▫ is congruent to 0 modulo 4, and has a Hamilton cycle when ▫$|G|$▫ is congruent to 2 modulo 4. The Hamilton cycle was constructed, combining the theory of Cayley maps with classical results on cyclic stability in cubic graphs, as the contractible boundary of a tree of faces in the corresponding Cayley map. With a generalization of these methods, Glover, Kutnar and Marušič in 2009 resolved the case when, apart from ▫$|G|$▫, also ▫$s$▫ is congruent to 0 modulo 4. In this article, with a further extension of the above "tree of faces" approach, a Hamilton cycle is shown to exist whenever ▫$|G|$▫ is congruent to 0 modulo 4 and s is odd. This leaves ▫$|G|$▫ congruent to 0 modulo 4 with s congruent to 2 modulo 4 as the only remaining open case. In this last case, however, the "tree of faces" approach cannot be applied, and so entirely different techniques will have to be introduced if one is to complete the proof of the existence of Hamilton cycles in cubic Cayley graphs arising from finite ▫$(2, s, 3)$▫-generated groups. Keywords: Cayley graph, Hamilton cycle, arc-transitive graph, 1-regular action, automorphism group Published in RUP: 15.10.2013; Views: 3046; Downloads: 133 Link to full text |
46. On bipartite Q-polynominal distance-regular graphsŠtefko Miklavič, 2007, original scientific article Abstract: Let ▫$\Gamma$▫ denote a bipartite ▫$Q$▫-polynomial distance-regular graph with vertex set ▫$X$▫, diameter ▫$d \ge 3$▫ and valency ▫$k \ge 3$▫. Let ▫${\mathbb{R}}^X$▫ denote the vector space over ▫$\mathbb{R}$▫ consisting of column vectors with entries in ▫$\mathbb{r}$▫ and rows indexed by ▫$X$▫. For ▫$z \in X$▫, let ▫$\hat{z}$▫ denote the vector in ▫${\mathbb{R}}^X$▫ with a 1 in the ▫$z$▫-coordinate, and 0 in all other coordinates. Fix ▫$x,y \in X$▫ such that ▫$\partial(x,y)=2▫, where ▫$\partial$▫ denotes the path-length distance. For ▫$0 \le i,j \le d$▫ define ▫$w_{ij} = \sum\hat{z}$▫, where the sum is over all ▫$z \in X$▫ such that ▫$\partial(x,z) = i$▫ and ▫$\partial(y,z) = j▫$. We define ▫$W = \textrm{span} \{w_{ij}|0 \le i,j \le d\}$▫. In this paper we consider the space ▫$MW = \textrm{span} \{mw |m \in M, w \in W \l\}$▫, where ▫$M$▫ is the Bose-Mesner algebra of ▫$\Gamma$▫. We observe that ▫$MW$▫ is the minimal ▫$A$▫-invariant subspace of ▫${\mathbb{R}}^X$▫ which contains ▫$W$▫, where ▫$A$▫ is the adjacency matrix of ▫$\Gamma$▫. We display a basis for ▫$MW$▫ that is orthogonal with respect to the dot product. We give the action of ▫$A$▫ on this basis. We show that the dimension of ▫$MW$▫ is ▫$3d-3$▫ if ▫$\Gamma$▫ is 2-homogeneous, ▫$3d-1$▫ if ▫$\Gamma$▫ is the antipodal quotient of the ▫$2d$▫-cube, and ▫$4d-4$▫ otherwise. We obtain our main result using Terwilliger's "balanced set" characterization of the ▫$Q$▫-polynomial property. Keywords: mathematics, graph theory, distance-regular graphs, ▫$Q$▫-polynominal property, Bose-Mesner algebra, balanced set characterization of the Q-polynominal property Published in RUP: 15.10.2013; Views: 3717; Downloads: 28 Link to full text |
47. On 2-fold covers of graphsYan-Quan Feng, Klavdija Kutnar, Aleksander Malnič, Dragan Marušič, 2008, original scientific article Abstract: A regular covering projection ▫$\wp : \widetilde{X} \to X$▫ of connected graphs is ▫$G$▫-admissible if ▫$G$▫ lifts along ▫$\wp$▫. Denote by ▫$\tilde{G}$▫ the lifted group, and let CT▫$(\wp)$▫ be the group of covering transformations. The projection is called ▫$G$▫-split whenever the extension ▫{$\mathrm{CT}}(\wp) \to \tilde{G} \to G$▫ splits. In this paper, split 2-covers are considered, with a particular emphasis given to cubic symmetric graphs. Supposing that ▫$G$▫ is transitive on ▫$X$▫, a ▫$G$▫-split cover is said to be ▫$G$▫-split-transitive if all complements ▫$\tilde{G} \cong G$▫ of CT▫$(\wp)$▫ within ▫$\tilde{G}$▫ are transitive on ▫$\widetilde{X}$▫; it is said to be ▫$G$▫-split-sectional whenever for each complement ▫$\tilde{G}$▫ there exists a ▫$\tilde{G}$▫-invariant section of ▫$\wp$▫; and it is called ▫$G$▫-split-mixed otherwise. It is shown, when ▫$G$▫ is an arc-transitive group, split-sectional and split-mixed 2-covers lead to canonical double covers. Split-transitive covers, however, are considerably more difficult to analyze. For cubic symmetric graphs split 2-cover are necessarily canonical double covers (that is, no ▫$G$▫-split-transitive 2-covers exist) when ▫$G$▫ is 1-regular or 4-regular. In all other cases, that is, if ▫$G$▫ is ▫$s$▫-regular, ▫$s=2,3$▫ or ▫$5$▫, a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a transitive complement ▫$\tilde{G}$▫ is given, and moreover, an infinite family of split-transitive 2-covers based on the alternating groups of the form ▫$A_{12k+10}$▫ is constructed. Finally, chains of consecutive 2-covers, along which an arc-transitive group ▫$G$▫ has successive lifts, are also considered. It is proved that in such a chain, at most two projections can be split. Further, it is shown that, in the context of cubic symmetric graphs, if exactly two of them are split, then one is split-transitive and the other one is either split-sectional or split-mixed. Keywords: graph theory, graphs, cubic graphs, symmetric graphs, ▫$s$▫-regular group, regular covering projection Published in RUP: 15.10.2013; Views: 3714; Downloads: 34 Link to full text |
48. Distance-regular Cayley graphs on dihedral groupsŠtefko Miklavič, Primož Potočnik, 2007, original scientific article Abstract: The main result of this article is a classification of distance-regular Cayley graphs on dihedral groups. There exist four obvious families of such graphs, which are called trivial. These are: complete graphs, complete bipartite graphs, complete bipartite graphs with the edges of a 1-factor removed, and cycles. It is proved that every non-trivial distance-regular Cayley graph on a dihedral group is bipartite, non-antipodal, has diameter 3 and arises either from a cyclic di#erence set, or possibly (if any such exists) from a dihedral difference set satisfying some additional conditions. Finally, all distance-transitive Cayley graphs on dihedral groups are determined. It transpires that a Cayley graph on a dihedral group is distance-transitive if and only if it is trivial, or isomorphic to the incidence or to the non-incidence graph of a projective space ▫$\mathrm{PG}_{d-1} (d,q)$▫, ▫$d \ge 2$▫, or the unique pair of complementary symmetric designs on 11 vertices. Keywords: mathematics, grah theory, distance-regular graph, distance-transitive graph, Cayley graph, dihedral group, dihedrant, difference set Published in RUP: 15.10.2013; Views: 3120; Downloads: 99 Link to full text |
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50. Large sets of long distance equienergetic graphsDragan Stevanović, 2009, original scientific article Abstract: Distance energy of a graph is a recent energy-type invariant, defined as the absolute deviation of the eigenvalues of the distance matrix of the graph. Two graphs of the same order are said to be distance equienergetic if they have equal distance energy, while they have distinct spectra of their distance matrices. Examples of pairs of distance equienergetic graphs appear in the literature already, but most of them have diameter two only. We describe here the distance spectrum of a special composition of regular graphs, and, as an application, we show that for any ▫$n \ge 3$▫, there exists a set of ▫$n + 1$▫ distance equienergetic graphs which have order ▫$6n$▫ and diameter ▫$n - 1$▫ each. Keywords: graph theory, distance spectrum, distance energy, join, regular graphs Published in RUP: 15.10.2013; Views: 3624; Downloads: 137 Full text (144,63 KB) |