Razlika med zgodnjo in pozno obravnavo otrok z motnjo avtističnega spektra : sistematični pregled literature

Zakrajšek, Petra; Posavčević, Vesna

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Title:	Razlika med zgodnjo in pozno obravnavo otrok z motnjo avtističnega spektra : sistematični pregled literature
Authors:	ID Zakrajšek, Petra (Author) ID Posavčević, Vesna (Author)
Files:	RAZ_Zakrajsek_Petra_2025.pdf (265,01 KB) MD5: 7056D78CF8F91C480199A006D802BAB3
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Article
Typology:	1.02 - Review Article
Organization:	FAMNIT - Faculty of Mathematics, Science and Information Technologies
Abstract:	Sistematični pregled literature preučuje učinke zgodnje in pozne obravnave otrok z motnjo avtističnega spektra na njihov razvoj. Namen pregleda je bil sintetizirati in opisati razvojne izide, povezane z zgodnjo diagnozo in intervencijo, ter izide, povezane s pozno diagnozo in intervencijo pri otrocih z motnjo avtističnega spektra. V pregled je bilo vključenih 11 raziskav v angleškem jeziku, ki so primerjale učinek zgodnje in pozne diagnoze ter preučevale učinkovitost različnih intervencij motnje avtističnega spektra. V pregledu so bile uporabljene tri baze podatkov (PubMed, ScienceDirect in Web of Science), pri čemer so bile vključene raziskave, objavljene med letoma 2020 in 2024. Kakovost izbranih raziskav je bila ocenjena s standardiziranima kontrolnima seznamoma casp (Critical Appraisal Skills Programme) in jbi (Joanna Briggs Institute). Rezultati kažejo, da zgodnja diagnoza in intervencija pomembno izboljšata izide na področju socialnega, kognitivnega, gibalnega, čustvenega razvoja in razvoja vedenjskih značilnosti otrok z motnjo avtističnega spektra. Otroci, ki so bili deležni zgodnje obravnave, so dosegli boljše rezultate na področjih socialne komunikacije, prilagoditvenega vedenja, kognitivnih sposobnosti, finih motoričnih veščin in jezikovnih spretnosti. Nasprotno je pozna diagnoza pogosto povezana z resnejšimi simptomi in večjimi razvojnimi zaostanki. Ključna ugotovitev je, da je zgodnja intervencija ključna za zmanjšanje simptomov motnje avtističnega spektra in izboljšanje kakovosti življenja otrok, medtem ko lahko pozna diagnoza vodi do dolgotrajnih negativnih posledic. Pregled poudarja pomen pravočasne obravnave za optimalen razvoj otroka z motnjo avtističnega spektra in predlaga smernice za nadaljnje raziskovanje, ki temeljijo na preučevanju dolgoročnih učinkov različnih intervencij.
Keywords:	motnja avtističnega spektra, zgodnja intervencija, pozna intervencija, zgodnja diagnoza, pozna diagnoza, razvoj otroka
Publication version:	Version of Record
Year of publishing:	2025
Number of pages:	str. 301-333
Numbering:	Letn. 57, št. 2
PID:	20.500.12556/RUP-22512
UDC:	159.922.76:616.896
ISSN on article:	0587-5161
DOI:	10.26493/2630-4082.57.301-333
COBISS.SI-ID:	265520131
Publication date in RUP:	21.01.2026
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Record is a part of a journal

Title:	Anthropos : časopis za psihologijo in filozofijo ter za sodelovanje humanističnih ved
Shortened title:	Anthropos
Publisher:	Društvo psihologov Slovenije, Slovensko filozofsko društvo, Društvo psihologov Slovenije, Slovensko filozofsko društvo, Založba Univerze na Primorskem
ISSN:	0587-5161
COBISS.SI-ID:	736516

Licences

License:	CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Link:	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Description:	This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.

Secondary language

Language:	English
Abstract:	This systematic literature review examines the association between the timing of diagnosis and intervention and developmen- tal outcomes in children with autism spectrum disorder. The aim of this review was to synthesize and describe outcomes associated with early diagnosis and intervention, as well as those associated with later diagnosis and intervention. The review included 11 studies written in English that compared the effects of early and late diagnosis and inves- tigated the effectiveness of various interventions for autism spectrum disorder. The review utilized three databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect and Web of Science), focusing on research published between 2020 and 2024. The quality of the selected studies was assessed using standardized checklists from the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (casp) and the Joanna Briggs Institute (jbi). The results indicate that early diagnosis and intervention significantly improve social, cognitive, motor, emotional development, and the development of behavioural characteristics in children with autism spectrum disorder. Children who received early intervention showed better results in social communication, adaptive behaviour, cognitive abilities, fine motor skills, and language proficiency. In contrast, late diagnosis is often associated with more severe symptoms and greater developmental delays. A key finding is that early intervention and diagnosis are crucial for reducing autism spectrum disorder symptoms and improving the quality of life for affected children, while late diagnosis can lead to long-term negative consequences. The review highlights the importance of timely intervention for the optimal development in children with autism spectrum disorder and suggests directions for future research focused on the long-term effects of various interventions.
Keywords:	autism spectrum disorder, early intervention, late intervention, early diagnosis, late diagnosis, child development

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