| Title: | Shifting tin imports into the broader Eastern Mediterranean region during the Bronze and Early Iron Ages (ca. 2000-900 BC) |
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| Authors: | ID Powell, Wayne (Author)
ID Yener, K. Aslihan (Author)
ID Pulak, Cemal (Author)
ID Mathur, Ryan (Author)
ID Barjamovic, Gojko (Author)
ID Kavur, Boris (Author)
ID Blečić Kavur, Martina (Author)
ID Ialongo, Nicola (Author)
ID Gilman Romano, David (Author)
ID Stephens, Jay (Author) |
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| Files: |  RAZ_Powell_Wayne_2026.pdf (5,93 MB)
MD5: 81C18CA3795A4DE6A8EA8AA085ADA276
 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0305440326000440?dgcid
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| Language: | English |
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| Work type: | Article |
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| Typology: | 1.01 - Original Scientific Article |
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| Organization: | FHŠ - Faculty of Humanities
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| Abstract: | Lacking substantial local tin deposits after 2000 BC, the Eastern Mediterranean depended on the importation of large quantities of tin from extraneous sources. Situated roughly equidistant (ca. 3000 km) between the large tin deposits of Western Europe and Central Asia, both localities have been proposed as potential sources of tin metal used in Eastern Mediterranean bronze production. However, such speculation must be substantiated. Herein, we assert that the application of a central-tendency-based approach to the comparison of tin isotope analyses of artifact assemblages with those of tin ores is an effective approach to differentiating between Central Asian and European tin sources in both pure tin metal and tin alloys. We apply the TIA approach to the reinterpretation of existing tin isotope analyses of tin ingots and introduce a large body of new evidence drawn from tin isotopes analysis of ancient (2000-900 BC) bronze artifacts from the Black Sea coast of Bulgaria, Tell Atchana in the Amuq Valley of Turkey, the eastern part of the northern Adriatic/Istria and Kvarner (Croatia), Egypt and Peloponnese, Greece. A general chronological trend from high δSn in artifacts dating to 2000-1600 BC to moderate values in the Early Iron Age (1100-900 BC) indicate a gradual shift from tin dominated by Central Asian imports to tin derived from European deposits. These changes in the movement of tin are mirrored in other traceable commodities such as Baltic amber and glass. |
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| Keywords: | Eastern Mediterranean, Europe, Bronze Age, Iron Age, tin |
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| Publication version: | Author Accepted Manuscript |
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| Year of publishing: | 2026 |
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| Number of pages: | str. 1-13 |
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| Numbering: | Vol. 188, [article no.] 106514 |
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| PID: | 20.500.12556/RUP-22672  |
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| UDC: | 902"637/638"(262.2) |
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| ISSN on article: | 1095-9238 |
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| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jas.2026.106514 |
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| COBISS.SI-ID: | 268809987 |
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| Publication date in RUP: | 20.02.2026 |
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| Views: | 64 |
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| Downloads: | 4 |
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