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52. Navigacijski mehanizmi velikih morskih vretenčarjev : zaključna nalogaNejc Prinčič, 2020, diplomsko delo Ključne besede: navigacija, navigacijski mehanizmi, orientacija, veliki morski vretenčarji, morski psi, morske želve, morski sesalci, morske ptice, magnetno polje, olfaktornost, navigacijski znaki
Objavljeno v RUP: 09.10.2020; Ogledov: 1433; Prenosov: 31
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57. Gender-related differences in mechanics of the sprint start and sprint acceleration of top national-level sprintersDragan Mirkov, Olivera M. Knezevic, Amador García Ramos, Milan Čoh, Nejc Šarabon, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Background: Within the current study we aimed at exploring gender-related differences and the relationship between sprint start block kinematics and kinetics and sprint acceleration force-velocity (F-v) relationship parameters (maximal force [F0], maximal velocity [v0], maximal power [Pmax] and slope) in top national-level sprinters. (2) Methods: Twenty-eight sprinters (6 females) performed 10 maximal 30-m sprints. Start block and acceleration kinematics and kinetics were collected with an instrumented sprint start block and a laser distance sensor (KiSprint system). Displacement-time data were used to determine the F-v relationship through Samozino's method. (3) Results: Start block rear foot maximal force (effect size [ES] = 1.08), rate of force development (ES = 0.90-1.33), F0 (ES = 1.38), v0 (ES = 1.83) and Pmax (ES = 1.95) were higher in males than in females (p -< 0.05). There were no differences in the slope, and ratio of horizontal-to-resultant force. F0, v0, and Pmax generally presented higher correlations with the start block kinetics (median r [range] = 0.49 [0.28, 0.78]) than with the kinematics (median r [range] = -0.27 [-0.52, 0.28]). (4) Conclusions: We confirmed that sprint block phase and sprint acceleration mechanics should be mutually assessed when analyzing sprinting performance. KiSprint system could provide more accurate information regarding mechanical pattern and technique during sprint initiation and acceleration, and potentially help create a more personalized and effective training program.
Ključne besede: force-velocity relationship, force platform, kinematics, kinetics, track-and-field
Objavljeno v RUP: 10.09.2020; Ogledov: 1258; Prenosov: 72
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58. Diagnostic balance tests for assessing risk of falls and distinguishing older adult fallers and non-fallers : a systematic review with meta-analysisŽiga Kozinc, Stefan Loefler, Christian Hofer, Ugo Carraro, Nejc Šarabon, 2020, pregledni znanstveni članek Opis: : Falls are a major cause of injury and morbidity in older adults. To reduce the incidence of falls, a systematic assessment of the risk of falling is of paramount importance. The purpose of this systematic review was to provide a comprehensive comparison of the diagnostic balance tests used to predict falls and for distinguishing older adults with and without a history of falls. We conducted a systematic review of the studies in which instrumented (force plate body sway assessment) or other non-instrumented balance tests were used. We analyzed the data from 19 prospective and 48 retrospective/case-control studies. Among the non-instrumented tests, the single-leg stance test appears to be the most promising for discrimination between fallers and non-fallers. In terms of body sway measures, the center-of-pressure area was most consistently associated with falls. No evidence was found for increased benefit of the body sway test when cognitive tasks were added, or the vision was eliminated. While our analyses are limited due to the unbalanced representation of different test and outcome measures across studies, we can recommend the single-leg test for the assessment of the risk of falling, and the measurements of body sway for a more comprehensive assessment.
Ključne besede: older adults, falls, fall history, body sway, functional reach, single-leg test, Romberg test
Objavljeno v RUP: 10.09.2020; Ogledov: 1371; Prenosov: 65
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